-IXdK
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               Contents
Introduction
5000BC -2000BC
2000BC -1000BC
1000BC - 700BC
 700BC - 400BC
 400BC - 200BC
 200BC - 100BC
 100BC - 1 AD
   1AD - 200AD
 200AD - 500AD 
 500AD - 700AD
 700AD - 900AD
 900AD -1100AD 
1100AD -1300AD 
1300AD -1400AD
1400AD -1500AD
1500AD -1600AD
1600AD -1700AD
1700AD -1800AD
1800AD -1900AD
1900AD -1990AD
ABOUT ASGARD
SHAREWARE DETAILS
USING THE BOOK 
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History:texts/Introduction.txt
Introduction to this book.......
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$5000BC (S)Egyptian Calendar invented
#4500BC (D)Mesopotamia -First cities
#4000BC (H)End of Paleolithic Period
%3760BC (H)1st date in Jewish calendar
History:texts/Cuneiform.txt
$3500BC (S)Cuneiform writing -Sumeria
#3372BC (H)1st date in Mayan history
History:texts/Menes.txt
3001BC (P)Egypt United
#3000BC (A)First musical instruments
!2500BC (A)Cheops pyramid at Gizeh
2500BC (A)Great Sphinx at Gizeh
 2500BC (S)Weaving loom in Europe
$2500BC (D)Dogs domesticated in Egypt
2300BC (P)Yao dynasty in China
$2200BC (P)Dynasty of Pharaohs begins
History:texts/Indus.txt
#2100BC (H)Indus Valley civilisation
2000BC (S)Egyptians use papyrus
"2000BC (D)Earliest Eyptian mummies
2000BC (D)Foundation of Memphis
#2000BC (D)Cotton cultivated in Peru
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5000 BC to 2000 BC
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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2000 BC to 1000 BC
List1
'2000BC (P)Hittites unite in one kingdom
 1900BC (M)Egptians conquer Crete
1800BC (M)Hittites sack Babylon
'1700BC (S)Beginning of Semetic alphabet
History:texts/Stonehenge.txt
"1700BC (R)Stonehenge erected in UK
"1700BC (P)Hammurabi unites Babylon
1600BC (H)Bronze age in Britain
#1600BC (A)Religious dances in Crete
History:texts/Elements.txt
#1550BC (S)4 elements known in India
#1500BC (D)Horses used to draw carts
'1500BC (H)Phrygians migrate from Thrace
%1500BC (H)Earliest known Mexican city
 1450BC (P)Phonecians reach Malta
History:texts/Heretic.txt
$1385BC (R)Ikhnaton teaches new creed
%1300BC (H)Beginning of Cretan culture
 1200BC (A)Shang culture in China
"1200BC (A)Tapestries made in Egypt
1193BC (M)Destruction of Troy
1100BC (H)Iron Age in Syria 
'1100BC (D)Foundation of Corinth(Greece)
1050BC (D)Silk used in China
History:texts/Tintrade.txt
#1001BC (D)Phoenicians import UK tin
!1000BC (R)Abu-Simbel temple built
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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1000 BC to 700 BC
List1
&1000BC (H)Ionians settle in Asia Minor
$1000BC (P)David king of united Judea
 960BC  (P)Solomon succeeds David
"950BC  (S)Greek script established
History:texts/Greekmyth.txt
$940BC  (R)Greek religion established
$930BC  (A)Brush & Ink painting-China
#900BC  (S)Chinese textbook on maths
History:texts/IronAge.txt
%900BC  (S)Earliest use Iron in Greece
$900BC  (H)Mass migrations of Germans
#890BC  (H)Phoenecians settle Cyprus
&880BC  (P)Assyria now a dominant force
History:texts/Homer.txt
850BC.c(A)Homer writes Odyssey
 813BC  (H)Foundation of Carthage
!800BC  (M)Dorians conquer Corinth
!790BC  (S)Steel produced in India
&780BC  (H)Greeks settle coast of Spain
#780BC  (P)Etruscans move into Italy
History:texts/Olympic.txt
 776BC  (A)Earliest Olympic games
%770BC  (R)Apollo worshipped at Delphi
%760BC  (A)Earliest music written down
 750BC  (M)Etruscans use chariots
!730BC  (H)Celts arrive in England
%720BC.c(M)Sparta main state in Greece
"701BC.c(P)Romulus 1st King of Rome
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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!700BC.c (P)Manasseh,King of Judah
History:texts/Assyria.txt
$680BC.c (M)Assyrians destroy Babylon
"650BC (A)First Ionic columns,Samos
'630BC (R)Zoroaster founds Persian relg.
600BC (A)Indian Vedas completed
#600BC (A)Seven string lyre invented
$600BC (S)Water clocks in use Assyria
$600BC (D)Foundation of Ostia,nr Rome
History:texts/mayan.txt
%590BC (H)Mayan civilisation in Mexico
!581BC (S)Pythagoras - Greek maths
"580BC (H)Phonecians settle Corsica
"580BC (A)Aesop(Greece)- The Fables
%570BC (A)Greek art flourishes at peak
"560BC (A)Shwe Dragon Pagoda -Burma
History:texts/Cyrus.txt
"553BC (M)Cyrus the Great of Persia
!550BC (H)Le Tene culture - Europe
 520BC (A)Theatre built at Delphi
%520BC (A)Pindar,Greek musician/artist
$500BC (D)Olive trees intro. to Italy
$500BC (S)Banking business in Babylon
History:texts/Darius.txt
500BC (M)Darius of Persia
 500BC (M)Etruscans defeat Romans
#500BC (R)Buddhism established India
498BC (R)Temple of Saturn,Rome
!494BC (P)Latin League led by Rome
$490BC (M)Sardinia captured by Greeks
%490BC (P)High point of Etruscan power
#480BC (H)Carthage explores W.Africa
%477BC (P)Beginning of Athens as power
History:texts/Hippocrates.txt
460BC (S)Hippocrates - medicine
"458BC (M)Athens and Corinth at war
$451BC (P)Rome sends envoys to Athens
"449BC (M)End of Greek-Persian wars
#448BC (H)Beginning of Indian Empire
$440BC (P)Etruscan influence declines
History:texts/Plebs.txt
 440BCc(P)Roman Plebians get vote
 440BC (A)Greece -age of Pericles
431BC (A)Temple of Apollo,Rome
427BC (A)Plato born (Greece)
History:texts/Celts.txt
&420BC (H)Celtic settlements in Britain
$415BC (P)30 year truce Athens/Sparta
!414BC (A)Aristophones -playwright
%410BC (M)Sparta uses chemicals in war
!404BC (M)End of Athens/Sparta war
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Note1
700 BC to 400 BC
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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400 BC to 200 BC
List1
$400BC (M)Xenophons retreat of 10,000
#400BC (H)Carthaginians occupy Malta
399BC (A)Death of Socrates
 387BC (D)Rome rebuilt after sack
"380BC (P)Last native dynasty-Egypt
$377BC (S)City walls built round Rome
$366BC (P)1st Plebeian becomes Consul
History:texts/Alexander.txt
!356BC (H)Alexander the Great born
338BC (D)First Roman coins
"327BC (M)Rome at war with Samnites
!323BC (S)Euclid-works on geometry
$307BC (A)Great Library at Alexandria
$307BC (M)Carthaginians attack Sicily
288BC (M)Gauls defeat Romans 
283BC (M)Rome captures Corsica
#275BC (A)Lighthouse at Pharos,Egypt
History:texts/Gladiators.txt
"264BC (D)1st gladiator combat,Rome
History:texts/Punic.txt
264BC (M)First Punic War
#228BC (P)Roman ambassador to Athens
222BC (M)Rome conquers N.Italy
221BC (H)Ch'in dynasty in China
218BC (M)Hannibal crosses Alps
 216BC (M)Romans deated at Cannae
"202BC (P)Liu Pang -Chinese emperor
!200Bc (M)war between Rome/Macedon
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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200 BC to 100 BC
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#200BC (S)Use of gears in irrigation
History:texts/Consul.txt
"195BC (P)Cato becomes Roman consul
192BC (M)Sparta and Rome at war
#190BC (A)3rd period of Chinese lit.
"185BC (H)Shunga dynasty est. India
!182BC (H)Hannibal commits suicide
$170BC (D)Earliest paved streets-Rome
'168BC (M)Macedon becomes Roman province
159BC (S)1st water clock - Rome
149BC (M)3rd Punic war
$149BC (A)Chinese dictionary produced
 147BC (P)Greece comes under Rome
History:texts/146BC.txt
146BC (P)State of Roman Empire
 140BC (A)Venus de Milo sculpture
"140BC (S)Crates -first world globe
&133BC (P)Asia Minor now Roman Province
!123BC (P)Gracchus reforms in Rome
#112BC (M)Romans at war with Numidia
History:texts/Marius.txt
101BC (M)Marius defeats Germans
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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100 BC to 1 AD
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100BC (H)Julius Ceasar born
#100BC (P)Marius consul for 6th time
&100BC (S)1st Chinese ships reach India
90BC  (M)Civil war in Rome
86BC  (P)Marius dies
$82BC  (A)Oldest amphitheatre,Pompeii
72BC  (M)Suevi invade Gaul
History:texts/Spartacus.txt
#71BC  (M)Spartacus revolt of slaves
!68BC  (M)Crete captured by Romans
65BC  (A)Horace - Roman poet
 63BC  (H)Augustus born(Octavius)
"63BC  (M)Pompey captures Jerusalem
History:texts/Triumvirate.txt
%60BC  (P)Caesar forms 1st triumvirate
55BC  (M)Caesar invades Britain
$53BC  (M)Crassus defeated by Parthia
50BC  (M)Caesar conquers Gaul
History:texts/Cleopatra.txt
$50BC  (H)Cleopatra -last queen Egypt
"49BC  (M)Civil war Caesar v Pompey
48BC  (M)Caesar defeats Pompey
%47BC  (A)Alexandria Library destroyed
"46BC  (D)365 day calendar invented
%34BC  (P)Dalmatia becomes Roman Prov.
History:texts/Actium.txt
31BC  (M)Battle of Actium
#30BC  (P)Octavian retitled Augustus
 9BC  (M)Romans invade Germany
 6BC  (P)Rome annexes Judea
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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1 AD - 200 AD
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History:texts/Augustus.txt
  1AD (H)Augustus - First Emperor
# 6AD (P)Judea becomes province Rome
' 9AD (M)Roman army in Germany destroyed
#14AD (H)Augustus dies.Tiberius Emp.
!26AD (P)Tiberius retires to Capri
$30AD (H)Possible date of Crucifixion
History:texts/1stEmperors.txt
 37AD (P)Caligula becomes emperor
$40AD (R)1st Christian church Corinth
42AD (P)Caligula assassinated
 42AD (P)Claudius becomes Emperor
43AD (S)London founded
43AD (M)Romans invade Britain
47AD (A)Plutarch born
 50AD (D)Romans learn use of soap
%54AD (P)Claudius poisoned by his wife
54AD (P)Nero becomes emperor
History:texts/St.Paul.txt
58AD (R)St.Paul - Epistles
67AD (R)St.Peter executed
68AD (P)Nero commits suicide
History:texts/AD69.txt
69AD (P)"Year of Four Emperors"
"70AD (M)Jewish revolt against Rome
79AD (P)Titus Emperor
81AD (P)Domitian Emperor
#81AD (A)Arch of Titus erected -Rome
81AD (P)Domitian Emperor
85AD (R)Gospels written
History:texts/Nerva.txt
96AD (P)Nerva Emperor
98AD (P)Trajan Emperor
117AD(P)Emperor Hadrian
122AD(H)Hadrain visits Britain
138AD(P)Antonius Pius - Emperor
&150AD(R)India- Earliest Sanskrit known
!161AD(P)Marcus Aurelius - Emperor
$164AD(D)Great Plague in Roman Empire
History:texts/Mayan.txt
$164AD(A)Oldest Maya monuments,Mexico
170AD(S)Ptolemy - map maker
180AD(P)Commudus - Emperor
189AD(R)Pope Victor I elected
"193AD(P)Septimus Severus - Emperor
"200AD(A)4th period of Chinese lit.
!200AD(D)Silkworms arrive in China
#200AD(M)Afghanistan invaded by Huns
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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200 AD to 500 AD
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!211AD(P)Caracalla becomes Emperor
 212AD(P)Roman citizenship to all
218AD(P)Heliogabalus Emperor
#220AD(P)End of Han Dynasty in China
222AD(R)Pope Urban I
History:texts/Goths.txt
220AD(M)Goths invade Asia Minor
"222AD(P)Alexander Severus -Emperor
#225AD(P)End of Andgra dynasty,India
226AD(P)Sassanid dynasty,Persia
238AD(P)Emperor Maximinus
&238AD(P)5 emperors in quick succession
244AD(P)Philip becomes Emperor
"248AD(D)Rome celebrates 1000 years
249AD(P)Emperor Decius
!250AD(R)Persecution of Christians
#250AD(S)First book on Algebra,Egypt
251AD(P)Emperor Gallus
253AD(P)Emperor Valerian
#257AD(M)Goths invade Black sea area
257AD(M)Franks invade Spain
270AD(P)Emperor Aurelian
271AD(S)First compass - China
History:texts/Diocletian.txt
284AD(P)Emperor Diocletian
285AD(S)Five machines in use
#285AD(P)Roman Empire divided E-West
#300AD(R)Bhuddist influence in China
History:texts/Constantine.txt
%306AD(P)Emperor Constantine the Great
$311AD(R)End of Christian persecution
 313AD(D)Oldest bridge over Rhine
315AD(P)Roman Empire reunited
 325AD(D)Teotihuacan built,Mexico
!330AD(R)Basilica of St.Peter,Rome
%331AD(H)New capital at Constantinople
340AD(P)Empire divides again
350AD(D)London builds walls
$360AD(M)Picts & Scots attack Britain
360AD(M)Huns invade Europe
!360AD(A)Scrolls replaced by books
360AD(D)End of Olympic Games
376AD(M)Huns invade Russia
378AD(R)Ravenna Cathedral built
383AD(M)Legions leave Britain
390AD(R)1st hymns composed
#392AD(P)Theodosius the Great - Emp.
&396AD(M)Alaric the Goth invades Greece
$400AD(H)First recorded history,Japan
401AD(M)Visigoths invade Italy
401AD(R)Pope Innocent I
&406AD(H)Founding of Burgundian kingdom
410AD(S)Beginnings of Alchemy
History:texts/Alaric.txt
410AD(M)Alaric sacks Rome
416AD(H)Vandals settle in Spain
"420AD(D)Nanking,Capital of N.China
#429AD(H)Vandals settle North Africa
"432AD(R)St.Patrick mission to Eire
History:texts/Attila.txt
#433AD(P)Attila becomes king of Huns
452AD(D)Venice founded
453AD(P)Attila dies
455AD(M)Vandals sack Rome
$455AD(P)Skandagputa,Emperor of India
457AD(M)Jutes invade Britain
$471AD(P)Theodric the Great,Ostrogoth
"476AD(P)Last Western Roman emperor
%477AD(P)Founding of Kingdom of Sussex
History:texts/Shinto.txt
"478AD(R)First Shinto shrines,Japan
 493AD(M)Italy conquered by Goths
!495AD(P)Kingdom of Wessex founded
"500AD(D)Tea brought India to China
"500AD(H)Mississippi Valley Culture
'500AD(M)Britains defeat Saxons at Badon
$500AD(R)Incense introduced into mass
500AD(H)Pre-Inca culture,Peru
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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500 AD to 700 AD
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502AD(P)Wu-Ti,Emperor of China
%507AD(D)Wooden coffins in use,Germany
"511AD(P)Clovis,King of Franks dies
!517AD(R)Buddhism in central China
$517AD(S)Aryabhata's astronomy manual
#518AD(P)Justinian I,E.Roman Emperor
 526AD(P)Theodoric the Great dies
History:Saxons.txt
&527AD(H)Essex and Middx,Saxon kingdoms
 527AD(S)First paddle-wheel boats
 529AD(R)Justinian's Code of Laws
!532AD(M)Franks overthrow Burgundy
%534AD(H)Malta becomes Byzantine prov.
 536AD(H)Naples becomes Byzantine
!537AD(H)Arthur of Britain dies(?)
&539AD(M)War between Byzantine & Persia
"540AD(A)First Welsh poets recorded
"542AD(D)Plague spreads over Europe
!543AD(D)Earthquakes are worldwide
#546AD(P)New Lombard dynasty founded
547AD(D)Plague reaches Britain
'548AD(P)Theodora,Byzantine Empress dies
#550AD(H)Westward migration of Turks
!550AD(H)Kingdom of Mercia founded
550AD(R)Wales becomes Christian
550AD(D)Chess invented in India
 550AD(D)Draw looms used in Egypt
$552AD(M)Totila,Ostrogoth King killed
552AD(R)Buddhism reaches Japan
$552AD(D)Eurpean silk industry estab.
"558AD(P)Kingdom of Franks reunited
&563AD(R)St.Columba founds Iona monast.
#565AD(P)Justin II,Byzantine Emperor
%568AD(P)Lombard kingdom founded Italy
570AD(R)Mohammed born
&581AD(P)Founding of Yan Ch'ien dynasty
!584AD(H)Kingdom of Mercia founded
594AD(D)Plague ends in Europe
#595AD(S)Decimal system in use,India
600AD(A)Arles cathedral built
600AD(S)Book printing in China
601AD(R)York Minster founded
%607AD(P)Japanese ambassadors to China
$610AD(R)Mohammeds' vision on Mt.Hira
"614AD(M)Persians conquer Jerusalem
615AD(D)Petroleum used in Japan
616AD(M)Persians overrun Egypt
618AD(P)T'ang dynasty in China
#622AD(R)Year One of Muslim Calendar
625AD(R)Mohammed dictates Koran
628AD(M)Muslims capture Mecca
&629AD(M)Byzantines recapture Jerusalem
%630AD(D)Cotton used in Arab countries
632AD(P)Mohammed dies
633AD(M)Arabs attack Persia
#634AD(M)Muslims conquer Egypt,Syria
%636AD(R)Anglo-Saxons become Christian
%641AD(M)>Arabs destroy Persian Empire
641AD(D)Cairo founded
643AD(M)Muslims conquer Tripoli
644AD(H)Chinese move into Korea
#646AD(A)Nara period of Japanese art
649AD(M)Arabs conquer Cyprus
#650AD(S)India- surgical instruments
655AD(R)Pope Eugenius elected
#661AD(R)Founding of Ripon Monastery
#664AD(R)England adopts R.C religion
!670AD(M)Arabs attack North Africa
History:GreekFire.txt
671AD(S)"Greek Fire" invented
672AD(R)Venerable Bede born
%673AD(M)Civil war in Frankish kingdom
%674AD(A)Glass windows in Eng.churches
682AD(R)Pope Leo II elected
$685AD(R)Founding of Winchester Cath.
#686AD(R)Sussex converted to Christ.
%688AD(H)Charles "The Hammer"Martel b.
!691AD(P)Clovis III King of Franks
694AD(M)Arabs overrun Armenia
$695AD(R)Persecution of Jews in Spain
%698AD(A)Wang Wei,Chinese poet/painter
700AD(M)Arabs conquer Algiers
'700AD(D)Greek official language of Emp.
#700AD(R)Easter egg tradition starts
!700AD(R)Stone churches in England
'700AD(S)Water wheels for mill in Europe
 700AD(D)Tapestry weaving in Peru
%700AD(D)Population explosion in China
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
Page13
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700 AD to 900 AD
List1
701(A)Li Po, great Chinese poet
705(R)The Great Mosque,Damascus
710(D)Sugar planted in Egypt
%712(H)Height of Lombard Kingdom,Italy
!712(M)Arabs conquer Seville,Spain
%713(P)Anastatius II,Byzantine Emperor
'715(H)Muslim Empire from Spain to China
716(M)Arabs conquer Portugal
720(H)Muslims settle Sardinia
 720(S)Arab chemist invents acids
$725(H)Chang-an,largest city in world
$725(D)Large irrigation works Arizona
'730(P)Pope excommunicates Byzantine Em.
"732(M)Charles Martel defeats Arabs
&735(M)Charles Martel conquers Burgundy
'737(P)Childeric III -King of all Franks
740(D)Earthquake in Asia Minor
742(P)Charlemagne born
$748(M)Arab fleet destroyed at Cyprus
$748(D)1st printed newspaper in China
750(A)Classic era of Indian art
!750(D)Kiev becomes trading centre
751(R)Islam split into 4 sects
754(R)St.Boniface murdered
757(P)Offa,King of Mercia
#759(A)Toshodai-ji Temple,Nara,Japan
 760(H)Founding of Turkish Empire
#760(A)Book of Kells written,Ireland
 765(M)Tibetan army invades China
&768(P)Charlemagne joint king of Franks
$771(P)Charlemagne becomes sole ruler
779(P)Offa, King of all England
&787(M)First Danish invasion of Britain
History:Vikings.txt
(792(H)Beginning of Viking era in Britain
795(H)Northmen land in Ireland
795(A)Cynewulf, Saxon poet
$800(P)Charlemagne-Holy Roman Emperor
$800(H)Slavs migrate into Oder region
"800(R)Pope Leo seperates from east
800(D)Machu Picchu,Peru founded
 802(D)First rose trees in Europe
 803(P)Venice becomes independant
813(P)Louis V,Byzantine Emperor
!813(S)School of Astronomy,Baghdad
814(P)Charlemagne dies
&821(P)End of Mercian supremacy in Eng.
'825(S)Pavia is centre of science & lit.
&826(R)Christianity reaches Scandinavia
%827(M)Arabs conquer Sardinia & Sicily
!837(P)Division of Frankish empire
838(M)Arabs sack Marseilles
#840(D)Danes found Dublin & Limerick
#842(P)Michael III,Byzantine Emperor
844(P)Kenneth,1st King of Scots
#845(R)Buddhist persecution in China
$845(D)Paper money in China-inflation
'846(M)Venetian fleet destroyed by Arabs
849(P)Alfed the Great born
850(H)Bulgarian Empire on Volga
850(A)"The Edda" -poetic epic
%850(S)Arabs discover coffee/astrolobe
851(D)Crossbow used in France
855(A)Earliest polyphonic music
!859(M)Vikings enter Mediterranean
"860(D)Angkor Thom founded,Cambodia
#861(H)Iceland discovered by Vikings
"862(H)Rurik founds Novgorod,Russia
!864(R)Bulgarians become Christian
&865(M)Russian vikings attack Constant.
866(H)Danish Kingdom of York
!871(P)Alfred becomes English King
%875(P)Chales the Bald crowned Emperor
877(M)Arabs conquer Sicily
878(S)Arab astronomer - Battani
%884(P)Charles III reunites H.Rom Emp.
885(M)Northemen besiege Paris
'887(P)Final seperation of France & Germ
890(H)Alfred establishes navy
#891(A)Anglo-Saxon chronicle started
History:Magyars.txt
895(H)Magyars settle in Hungary
899(P)Alfred the Great dies
&900(M)Beginning of reconquest of Spain
900(H)Mayas emigrate to Yucatan
!900(H)England divided into shires
History:Constantinople.txt
'900(P)Constantinople,leading city in W.
 900(D)Vikings discover Greenland
%900(D)Castle building all over Europe
 900(S)Paper manufacture at Cairo
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
Page14
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900 AD to 1100 AD
List1
&901(P)Beginning of Samanid rule,Persia
$904(M)Russians attack Constantinople
#907(H)Epoch of 5 dynasties of China
!909(H)Fatimid dynasty in N.Africa
910(R)Founding of Cluny Abbey
"912(P)Conrad VII,Byzantine Emperor
916(M)Arabs expelled from Italy
"917(R)Bulgarian church independant
'921(R)Bohemians convert to Christianity
"925(P)Althelstan,King of England..
"934(P)Eric Bloodaxe,King of Norway
937(M)Battle of Brunanburh
938(H)Peking founded by Khitans
939(M)Arabs lose Madrid to Leon
940(P)Edmund 1,King of England
$942(A)Building of Augsburg cathedral
"942(D)Woolens & linens in Flanders
History:DarkAges.txt
950(H)Europe in "The Dark Ages"
&951(P)Otto I,King of Franks & Lombards
959(P)Edgar, King of England
%960(A)Building of Nayin mosque,Persia
$962(P)Otto I crowned Holy Rom.Empire
963(D)1st London Bridge built
 964(H)New Mayan Empire (to 1191)
965(R)Pope John XIII
$968(S)Founding of Cordoba University
974(D)Earthquake in Britain
#975(S)Mathematics brought to Europe
976(A)St.Marks Cathedral,Venice
"979(P)Elthelred II,King of England
%980(A)Organ with 400 pipes,Winchester
#982(H)1st Viking colonies,Greenland
$983(D)Venice & Genoa trading centres
 990(R)Poland submits to Holy See
993(M)Vikings ravage Yorkshire
996(R)Pope Gregory V elected
1000(H)Bohemia & Moravia united
History:Beowulf.txt
1000(A)"Beowulf" written
&1000(H)Tiahuanaco civil. over all Peru
%1000(H)Leif Ericson discovers America
&1000(D)Potatoes & corn planted in Peru
1000(D)Chinese invent gunpowder
&1000(D)Widespread fear of end of world
1003(M)Sweyn lands in England
!1007(P)Ethelred II pays off Danes
1009(M)Muslims sack Jerusalem
'1012(R)Persecution of heretics in Germ.
1013(H)Danes masters of England
1016(P)Canute becomes King
 1021(D)St.Vitus' dance epidemics
&1027(P)Robert the Devil,Dk of Normandy
1028(M)Canute conquers Norway
#1033(P)Castille becomes independant
#1034(P)Michael IV,Byzantine Emperor
1035(P)Death of Canute
 1042(P)Edward the Confessor,King
1044(D)Copenhagen founded
$1045(H)El Cid,national hero of Spain
&1050(A)Exeter & Winchester catherdrals
%1052(M)Pisa takes sardinia from Arabs
 1052(A)Westminster Abbey founded
 1053(H)Norman Kingdom in S.Italy
!1055(P)Tostig,earl of Northumbria
1055(R)Pope Victor II elected
$1059(P)Philip I - coregent of France
1061(M)Normans conquer Messina
1062(D)Marrakesh founded
 1063(M)Germans defeat Hungarians
 1066(P)Harold II,King of England
History:Hastings.txt
1066(M)Battle of Hastings
"1066(D)Appearence of Haley's comet
 1066(P)William I,King of England
1067(A)Bayeaux tapestry
"1070(M)Rising by Hereward the Wake
%1071(S)Greek medicine arrives in West
)1074(R)Excommunication of married priests
 1075(A)Richmond Castle,Yorkshire
"1078(A)Building of Tower of London
&1081(P)Alexius Comnenus,Byzantine Emp.
"1085(M)Toledo liberated from Arabs
#1086(H)Compilation of Doomsday Book
!1087(P)William II,King of England
1088(H)Turks settle in Balkans
$1090(S)1st mechanical clock in China
"1091(S)Eclipse of moon first noted
1094(M)El Cid conquers Valencia
History:Crusades.txt
1096(M)Start of First Crusade
1097(M)Crusaders defeat Turks
1098(M)Crusaders take Antioch
1099(M)Crusaders take Jerusalem
1099(R)Pope Paschal II elected
#1100(P)Henry I becomes English King
#1100(A)"Chanson de Roland"epic poem
%1100(A)1st appearence of Gothic arch.
 1100(D)Colinisation of Polynesia
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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1100 AD to 1300 AD
List1
$1103(M)Magnus of Norway invades Eire
1104(M)Acre taken by Crusaders
"1105(A)Angouleme Cathedral erected
1108(P)Louis VI,King of France
 1109(M)Anglo-French war(to 1113)
!1111(P)Henry V,Holy Roman Emperor
"1115(H)State of Chin, N.China est.
$History:texts/13thcentury/Aztecs.txt
#1116(H)Aztecs leave Mythical Aztlan
!1119(S)Bologna University founded
#1120(D)Chinese invent playing cards
1122(R)Concordat of Worms
"1124(D)1st Scottish coinage struck
1126(P)Matilda,Queen of England
&History:texts/13thcentury/Templars.txt
 1128(H)Order of Templars founded
1135(P)Stephen,King of England
 1137(A)Mainz Cathedral completed
&1138(M)England-Battle of the Standards
1139(M)Civil war in England
 1145(H)Second Crusade proclaimed
1147(M)Failure of 2nd Crusade
"1147(P)Matilda defeated by Stephen
&1150(S)Founding of University of Paris
1154(P)Henry II,King of England
!1155(H)Ghengis Khan born,Mongolia
1163(A)Notre Dame built,Paris
$1167(P)Barbarossa Holy Roman Emperor
1170(P)Thomas a Becket killed
 1173(D)First influenza epidemics
1176(M)Saladin conquers Syria
1177(D)Founding of Belfast
1180(P)Louis VII of France dies
1180(D)Glass windows in England
 1180(D)First windmills in Europe
 1182(R)Jews banished from France
!1185(R)Knights Templars in London
1187(M)Saladin takes Jerusalem
 1189(P)Richard I,King of England
!1189(M)Beginning of Third Crusade
#1190(H)Frederick Barbarossa drowned
 1191(M)Richard I conquers Cyprus
)1191(H)Second period of Maya civilisation
 1199(P)King John,King of England
1199(D)Foundation of Liverpool
1200(R)Islam grows in India
 1200(S)Alcohol used for medicine
1202(M)Fourth Crusade begins
"1203(M)Ghengis Khan defeats rivals
1203(S)Siena University founded
$1204(M)Crusaders take Constantinople
1204(D)Founding of Amsterdam
&1209(P)Otto IV crowned Holy Roman Emp.
1209(R)Franciscan order founded
!1211(M)Ghengis Khan invades China
1212(D)Tiles on London roofs
1214(S)Roger Bacon,scientist
#History:texts/13thcentury/Magna.txt
1215(P)Magna Carta sealed
1215(R)Dominican Order founded
 1216(P)Henry III,King of England
#1218(M)Ghengis Khan conquers Persia
%1220(D)First giraffes shown in Europe
1221(R)Sonnet poetry developed
1223(M)Mongols invade Russia
 1224(S)Naples University founded
#1225(D)Cotton manufactured in Spain
1226(R)Francis of Assisi dies
1227(H)Ghengis Khan dies
1228(M)Sixth Crusade starts out
 1230(D)Leprosy arrives in Europe
$1236(M)Arabs lose Cordoba to Castile
1237(M)Mongols conquer Moscow
!1241(M)Battle of Liegnitz,Silesia
"1243(P)5 year truce England/France
1243(R)Pope Innocent IV elected
1248(M)Seventh Crusade starts
1248(R)Cologne Cathedral built
 1250(M)Saracens capture Louis IX
 1250(S)High Gothic period begins
1250(D)Hats come into fashion
$1250(D)Goose quills used for writing
$1252(R)Spanish Inquisition under way
$1253(D)Linen manufactured in England
 1254(S)Marco Polo born in Venice
1258(M)Mongols take Baghdad
#1258(P)House of Commons established
1265(R)Dante born
1267(H)Aztecs arrive in Mexico
#1271(S)Marco Polo journeys to China
1272(P)Edward I,King of England
1276(R)The "Year of Four Popes"
1278(D)Mirror invented
&1280(H)Kublai Khan founds Yuan dynasty
1287(M)Mongol invasion of Burma
1288(H)Ottoman Empire founded
 1289(S)Block printing in Ravenna
1290(S)Invention of spectacles
1291(M)Mamelukes conquer Acre
1291(H)End of the Crusades
 1297(M)Battle of Stirling Bridge
 1300(M)Edward I invades Scotland
"1300(D)End of European slave trade
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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1300 AD to 1400 AD
List1
1302(P)Anglo-Scots truce
1303(S)Rome University founded
$1306(P)Robert Bruce,King of Scotland
 1307(P)Edward II,King of England
!1309(S)Orleans University founded
!1314(R)Knights Templars destroyed
1314(M)Battle of Bannockburn
1322(M)Battle of Muhldorf
1323(R)Thomas Aquinas canonized
#1325(H)Aztecs found Mexican capital
$1325(R)"No" plays developed in Japan
!1325(S)Organ pedals come into use
'History:texts/14thcentury/EdwardIII.txt
!1327(P)Edward III,King of England
1327(H)The Great Fire of Munich
1328(S)Invention of sawmill
"1330(P)Louis IV,Holy Roman Emperor
 1331(S)Weaving starts in England
%1332(D)Bubonic plague starts in India
!1337(M)Beginning of 100 Years War
1338(M)French burn Portsmouth
1340(R)Geoffrey Chaucer born
1346(M)French defeated at Crecy
#History:texts/14thcentury/Black.txt
$1347(D)Black Death devestates Europe
'1349(D)Plague kills 1/3 of England pop.
!1351(D)75 million die from Plague
#1351(D)Tennis introduced to Britain
1354(M)Turks take Gallipoli
"1356(M)French defeated at Poitiers
1360(P)Treaty of Calais
1362(R)"Piers Plowman" written
!1363(M)Tamerlane begins conquests
$1365(S)Founding of Vienna University
$1366(H)Adrianople made Turk. capital
$1368(H)Ming dynasty founded in China
$1369(M)Venice beats Hungarian attack
1369(D)Bastille built in Paris
1370(S)Steel crossbow invented
1376(H)"Black Prince" dies
!1377(P)Richard II,King of England
1377(D)Playing cards in Germany
"1378(M)Renewal of Anglo-French war
1381(P)Peasants Revolt,England
1382(M)Turks capture Sofia
.1389(P)Truce between England,France & Scotland
1389(R)Pope Boniface IX elected
&1390(H)Jan van Eyck,Dutch painter born
1393(M)Turks conquer Bulgaria
'1396(S)Gutenberg born,printing inventor
"1397(P)Duke of Gloucester murdered
1398(M)Tamerlane conquers Delhi
1399(P)Henry IV,King of England
#1400(H)Ascent of Medici in Florence
%History:texts/14thcentury/Chaucer.txt
1400(R)Chaucer dies
!1400(H)Mound building culture,USA
$1400(S)First mention of the dulcimer
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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1400 AD to 1500 AD
List1
1405(P)Tamerlane dies
#1407(M)Start of civil war in France
$History:texts/15thcentury/Bedlam.txt
%1407(D)Bedlam Insane hospital founded
1411(D)London Guildhall built
1412(H)Joan of Arc born
1413(P)Henry V,King of England
#1415(M)French defeated at Agincourt
1415(R)Hus burned for heresy
1416(S)Drift nets used by Dutch
1417(R)Pope Martin V elected
1420(P)Treaty of Troyes
1420(H)Torquemeda born
'1420(R)Great Dragon Temple,Peking built
1422(P)Henry VI,King of England
&1422(M)Hussites defeat Imperial troops
#1430(M)Joan of Arc relieves Orleans
1430(H)Modern English develops
"1431(M)Joan of Arc burned at stake
 1431(P)Peasant revolt in Germany
 1432(S)Portugese discover Azores
#1433(P)Sigismund,Holy Roman Emperor
1435(P)Peace of Arras
#1436(M)Scots defeat English,Berwick
 1437(P)James I murdered at Perth
%1437(D)Counterpoint develops in music
"1438(H)Pachacutec founds Inca rule
!1441(H)African slave trade starts
&1443(M)Hungarians defeat Turks at Nish
1444(M)Battle of Varna,Poland
%1445(S)Portugeuse discover Cape Verde
#1450(P)Jack Cades rebellion in Eng.
"1450(M)Incas conquer Northern Peru
 1450(S)Gutenberg print Mass Book
"1451(H)Mohammed II,Sultan of Turks
&History:texts/15thcentury/Columbus.txt
 1451(H)Christopher Columbus born
1451(H)Amerigo Vespucci born
%1452(P)Frederick III,Holy Rom.Emperor
%1452(S)Metal plates used for printing
#1453(M)Turks capture Constantinople
1453(M)End of 100 Years War
#History:texts/15thcentury/Roses.txt
1455(M)Wars of the Roses begins
1456(M)Turks conquer Athens
1460(M)Richard of York killed
'1461(S)Leonardo da Vinci begins studies
1463(M)Turks conquer Bosnia
1465(S)First printed music
 1467(M)Turks conquer Herzegovina
1469(H)Vasco da Gama born
&1470(S)Port.navigators find Gold Coast
 1471(P)Edward IV,King of England
#1471(R)Albert Durer,Ger.artist born
'1472(S)Danish discovery of Newfoundland
1473(S)Nicolaus Copernicus born
'1474(S)Caxton prints first English book
1478(H)Thomas More born
"1479(H)Foundation of Spanish state
%1480(P)Ivan III, first Czar of Russia
!1480(S)Da Vinci invents parachute
'1481(R)Beginning of Spanish Inquisition
1483(P)Edward V,King of England
"1483(P)Richard III,King of England
"1484(R)Botticelli:"Birth of Venus"
 1485(P)Henry VII,King of England
!1486(S)Portuguese discover Angola
"1487(P)Rebellion of Lambert Simnel
1487(M)Spaniards conquer Malaga
$1489(S)Symbols + and - come into use
$1490(D)Beginnings of ballet in Italy
1492(M)Spanish conquer Granada
1492(M)Henry VII invades France
$1492(S)Da Vinci draws flying machine
!1492(S)Columbus discovers Bahamas
1493(M)Turks invade Coatia
!1493(S)Columbus discovers Jamaica
*1495(P)Pope Alexander VI forms Holy League
"1495(R)Jews expelled from Portugal
!1495(R)Da Vinci:"The Last Supper"
"1495(D)Syphilis epidemic in Europe
1496(H)Tenerife becomes Spanish
"1497(S)Cabot reaches North America
*1497(S)Vasco da Gama rounds C.of Good Hope
1498(H)Torquemeda dies
'1498(S)Columbus discovers Orinoco river
1499(M)Venice and Turks at war
1499(P)Perkin Warbeck executed
%1500(S)University of Valencia founded
!1500(S)Portugeuse discover Brazil
$1500(S)First lead pencils in England
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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1500 AD to 1600 AD
List1
%1501(M)Turks take Durazzo from Venice
!1501(M)Ivan III invades Lithuania
$History:texts/16thcentury/Luther.txt
1501(R)Martin Luther in Erfurt
%1501(S)Bastides explores Panama coast
!1502(H)Peasants revolt in Germany
%1503(M)War of Succession starts,Germ.
#1503(H)Zanzibar becomes Port.colony
1503(R)Da Vinci:"Mona Lisa"
)History:texts/16thcentury/Nostradamus.txt
1503(H)Nostradamus born
 1506(H)Christopher Columbus dies
!1506(P)Sigismund I,King of Poland
1507(P)Diet of Constance
1507(R)Martin Luther ordained
$History:texts/16thcentury/Henry VIII
!1509(P)Henry VIII,King of England
!1509(R)Persecution of German Jews
)1509(H)Earthquake destroys Constantinople
"1510(H)Portuguese aquire Goa,India
#1510(S)Da Vinci designs water-wheel
1511(H)Henry VIII reforms navy
#1511(R)Erasumus,Cambridge professor
1511(H)Spanish occupy Cuba
"1512(M)War between Russia & Poland
&1512(R)Shi'ism -Persian state religion
"1512(S)Copernicus/planetary motion
1513(M)Battle of Flodden
%1513(S)Balboa discovers Pacific Ocean
"1514(D)Pineapples arrive in Europe
 1515(P)Anglo-French peace treaty
1516(P)Treaty of Freiburg
1516(R)More:"Utopia"
1517(M)Turks take Cairo
'1517(R)Martin Luther starts reformation
$1517(D)Coffee in Europe for 1st time
1519(H)Lucrezia Borgia dies
1519(H)Da Vinci dies
"1519(H)Cortes enters Aztec capital
%1519(S)Magellan starts global sailing
1520(P)Suliman the Mag.Sultan
1520(R)Luther excommunicated
!1520(D)Chocolate brought to Spain
"1521(P)Duke of Buckingham executed
"1521(M)Cortes destroys Aztec state
 1522(M)Spanish conquer Guatemala
%1523(H)Portuguese expelled from China
1524(D)Turkeys arive in England
1525(M)Battle of Pavia
1525(S)First manual of geometry
1526(M)Battle of Mohacs,Hungary
1528(S)First manual of surgery
!1528(D)Plague outbreak in England
1529(M)Turks attack Vienna
#1530(P)Charles V,Holy Roman Emperor
1530(P)Ivan the Terrible born
!1530(H)Portugeuse colonise Brazil
$1530(D)Spinning wheel in general use
 1531(R)Henry VIII,Head of Church
1531(R)Inquisition in Portugal
1531(S)Haley's comet sighted
$1532(H)Pizarro leads expedition/Peru
%1533(H)Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn
1533(M)Pizarro overthrows Incas
1534(R)England breaks with Rome
1534(R)Jesuit Order founded
1534(S)Cartier sights Labrador
1535(M)Charles V conquers Tunis
1535(S)First diving bells
1536(P)Anne Boleyn executed
(1539(H)Henry VIII marries Anne of Cleves
 1539(S)Olaus Magnus:Map of world
1540(P)Treaty:Venice and Turkey
1540(S)Ether discovered
1541(H)Turks annexe Hungary
1541(R)John Knox - Calvinism
 1542(P)Catherine Howard executed
 1543(H)Henry VIII marries C.Parr
%1543(R)1st Protestants burnt at stake
1543(H)Portugeuse land in Japan
#1544(H)Silver mines discovered/Peru
1545(P)Truce of Adrianople
1546(M)Civil war in Germany
1546(M)Turks occupy Moldavia
1546(R)Martin Luther dies
 1547(P)Edward VI,King of England
1547(H)Moscow destroyed by fire
!1547(D)Poor rate levied in London
$1548(D)Pepper plant grown in England
'1549(R)Jesuit missionaries in S.America
#1550(H)Spain at height of her power
 1550(D)Billiards played in Italy
1551(M)Turks take Tripoli
%1551(D)Licensing of alehouses in Eng.
1552(R)Titian:"Self Portrait"
!1553(P)Lady Jane Grey,9 day queen
1553(P)Mary I,Queen of England
1554(P)Lady Jane Grey executed
&1554(R)Catholic restoration in England
 1555(P)Peace of Augsburg,Germany
!1555(S)Aztec dictionary published
 1555(D)Tobacco brought to Europe
$1556(H)Akbar the Great,Mogul Emperor
"1556(R)Cranmer burned at the stake
'1557(H)State bankruptcy in France/Spain
'1557(A)"Sack Full of Newes" 1st English
       play to be censored.
#1557(D)Flu epidemic all over Europe
1558(M)English lose Calais
#1558(P)Elizabeth I,Queen of England
1558(R)Johhn Knox active
 1559(P)Francis II,King of France
1560(R)Huguenot conspiracy
'1560(A)Hsu Wei writes 1st Chinese novel
#1560(S)University of Geneva founded
1561(A)Francis Bacon born
"1561(H)Madrid made Spanish capital
1562(P)Rebellion in Ireland
&1562(M)Jaipur submits to Akbar the Gt.
!1562(R)Massacre of 1200 Huguenots
1562(H)French colonise Florida
%1563(S)1st printing presses in Russia
 1563(A)Brueghel:"Tower of Babel"
%1563(D)20,000 die of plague in London
1564(P)Peace of Troyes
"1564(P)Maximillian II,Holy Rom.Emp
1564(A)Michaelangelo dies
 1564(S)Galilieo born (dies 1642)
%1564(D)Horse drawn coaches in England
1565(M)1st seige of Malta
#1565(D)Potatoes and tobacco/England
1566(M)Turko-Hungarian war
#1567(M)Akbar the Gt.conquers Chitor
 1568(A)First eisteddfod in Wales
#1568(D)Bottled beer invented,London
"1569(P)Poland and Lithuania united
"1570(M)Turks declare war on Venice
1571(M)Turks take Cyprus
 1572(M)Dutch War of Independence
$1572(R)St.Bartholomew's Day massacre
1572(A)John Donne (poet) born
#1573(P)Wan-Li,13th Emperor of China
"1573(A)Inigo Jones(architect) born
!1574(M)Spain loses Tunis to Turks
!1574(H)Portugeuse colonise Angola
!1575(P)King Henry III,French King
 1575(S)Frobisher explores Canada
"1577(A)Allot:"Thesaurus Bibliorum"
 1577(S)Drake starts world voyage
#1578(S)Catacombs of Rome discovered
1579(P)Dutch Republic founded
1580(M)Spain invades Portugal
1580(A)"Greensleeves" written
1580(S)Drake returns to England
1580(D)Earthquake in London
1581(H)Russians conquer Siberia
%1581(R)Edmund Campion(Jesuit)executed
"1581(D)Sedan chairs in general use
 1582(H)Gregorian calandar in use
%1582(H)1st Eng.colony in Newfoundland
1584(P)Ivan the Terrible dies
%1584(P)William of Orange assassinated
!1584(S)Raleigh discovers Virginia
"1585(P)Hideyoshi dictator of Japan
1585(A)Cervantes:"Galatea"
$1586(P)Stephen Batory,King of Poland
"1586(A)Sir Philip Sidney(poet)dies
#1587(P)Mary Queen of Scots executed
1587(A)Marlowe:"Tamburlaine"
1588(M)Spanish Armada defeated
1588(A)Marlowe:"Dr.Faustus"
1589(P)Henry IV,King of France
1589(S)Kiev Academy founded
$1589(S)1st knitting machine invented
1590(M)Akbar conquers Orissa
!1590(A)Marlowe:"The Jew of Malta"
!1590(D)Coal mining starts in Ruhr
#1591(A)Shakespeare:"Henry VI -Pt 1"
#1592(H)Portugeuse setlle in Mombasa
#1592(A)Tinteretto:"The last Supper"
1592(S)Pompeii discovered
$1592(D)Plague kills 15,000 in London
 1593(R)Henry IV becomes Catholic
%1593(A)Marlowe killed in tavern brawl
$1594(H)Gustavus Adolphus born,Sweden
!1595(S)Mercator's Atlas published
 1595(D)Heels on shoes introduced
1596(M)English sack Cadiz,Spain
!1596(A)Spenser:"The Faerie Queen"
1596(H)Sir Francis Drake dies
"1596(S)Galileo invents thermometer
1597(H)Dutch found Batavia,Java
1598(M)Civil war ends in France
&1598(A)Shakespeare:"Much Ado about N."
1599(H)Oliver Cromwell born
!1599(A)Globe Theatre built,London
1600(S)English visit Japan
%1600(R)Catholics persecuted in Sweden
"1600(S)Tycho Brahe & Kepler active
1600(S)Dutch invent telescope
1600(D)Wigs become fashionable
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
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1600 AD to 1700 AD
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List1
1601(P)Earl of Essex executed
$1602(M)War between Persia and Turkey
$History:texts/17thcentury/JamesI.txt
1603(P)James I,King of England
 1603(P)Walter Raleigh imprisoned
1603(P)Ahmed I,Turkish Sultan
$1604(P)Peace between England & Spain
(1604(A)Shakespeare:"Measure for Measure"
!1605(H)Akbar the Great dies,India
History:texts/Gunpowder.txt
"1605(P)Guy Fawkes & Gunpowder Plot
&1605(H)Barbados becomes English colony
1605(A)Ben Jonson:"Sejanus"
1606(S)Galileo invents compass
#1606(S)Portugeuse sail to Australia
'1608(H)Jesuit state pf Paraguay founded
"1608(A)John Milton,(Eng.Poet) born
1609(D)Tea arrives in Europe
'1610(S)Galileo observes Jupiter's moons
$1611(P)Dissolution of Eng.Parliament
!1611(R)King James Bible published
1613(M)Turks invade Hungary
1613(D)Copper coins in use
&History:texts/17thcentury/Gustavus.txt
*1614(M)Gustavas Adolphus captures Novgorod
%1614(A)Raleigh:"History of the World"
 1614(D)Glass industry in England
 1616(P)Richelieu,French Minister
#1616(M)War between Venice & Austria
1616(A)Shakespeare dies
 1616(S)1st rounding of Cape Horn
1617(M)Russian/Swedish war ends
1618(P)Walter Raleigh executed
(1618(S)Kepler:"Laws of Planetary motion"
'1619(P)Archduke Ferdinand,Holy Rom.Emp.
&History:texts/17thcentury/Bergerac.txt
1619(A)Cyrano de Bergerac born
$1619(H)1st negro slaves arrive in US
"1620(M)War between Sweden & Poland
1620(H)"Mayflower" sets sail
1621(P)Philip IV,King of Spain
"1621(M)War between Holland & Spain
$1622(S)Bruges-Dunkirk canal finished
1623(M)Persians conquer Baghdad
!1623(A)Tulsi Sadu,Hundu poet dies
$1624(M)England declares war on Spain
!1624(H)Virginia made Crown Colony
"1624(H)1st Eng.settlement in India
&History:texts/17thcentury/CharlesI.txt
"1625(P)Charles 1st,King of England
'1625(R)Inigo Jones:Covent Garden Church
#1626(P)Richelieu dominant in France
1626(A)Francis Bacon dies
1626(H)French settle in Senegal
#1627(P)Shah Jahan,Gt Mogul of India
&History:texts/17thcentury/Cromwell.txt
!1628(P)Oliver Cromwell becomes MP
%1629(H)Colony of Massachusets founded
1630(M)Swedes invade Germany
!1631(H)Eruption of Vesuvius,Italy
$1632(M)Portugeuse driven from Bengal
"1632(R)John Locke(philosopher)born
 1632(D)1st coffee shop in London
"1633(A)Samuel Pepys (diarist) born
1633(S)French explore Wisconsin
#1634(M)Battle of Nordlingen,Germany
1635(H)Dutch occupy Formosa
1636(H)Dutch settle in Ceylon
#History:texts/17thcentury/Ching.txt
&1636(H)Ch'ing dynasty proclaimed,China
1638(M)Turks recover Baghdad
1638(A)Pieter Brueghel:"Hell"
#1639(S)Gascoigne invents micrometer
#1640(P)Portugal becomes independant
1640(S)Coke made from coal
$1641(P)Catholic rebellion in Ireland
'History:texts/17thcentury/Rembrandt.txt
1641(A)Rembrandt:"Manoah"
&1641(D)Cottton goods manufactured,Eng.
1642(M)English Civil War begins
1642(H)Cardinal Richelieu dies
$History:texts/17thcentury/Newton.txt
 1642(S)Isaac Newton born,England
1642(H)Montreal,Canada founded
1643(M)Battle of Newbury
#1643(S)Torricelli invents barometer
%History:texts/17thcentury/Marston.txt
1644(M)Battle of Marston Moor
%1645(M)Cromwell raises New Model Army
&1645(M)Turkish-Venetian war over Crete
1645(A)Milton:"L'Allegro"
1646(M)English Civil war ends
1646(M)Swedes conquer Prague
1647(P)Treaty of Ulm,Germany
'1648(M)2nd Civil War starts in Scotland
&1648(P)Naples restored to Spanish rule
%History:texts/17thcentury/Quakers.txt
 1648(R)George Fox founds Quakers
1649(P)Charles 1st executed
1649(M)Cromwell invades Ireland
#1649(P)England becomes Commonwealth
%1650(A)Development of Japanese poetry
#1650(H)World population 500 million
1651(R)Hobbes:"Leviathan"
%1651(H)Dutch settle Cape of Good Hope
"1652(A)Inigo Jones(architect) dies
 1652(S)Guericke invents air pump
%1653(P)Oliver Cromwell,Lord Protector
#1653(A)Walton:"The Compleat Angler"
"1654(M)War between Russia & Poland
 1654(R)Milton:"Defensio secunda"
$History:texts/17thcentury/Fermat.txt
&1654(S)Fermat/Pascal - Theory of prob.
1655(M)English capture Jamaica
$1656(S)Edmund Halley(Astronomer)born
1657(M)Denmark attacks Sweden
#1657(D)Drinking chocolate in London
1658(P)Oliver Cromwell dies
1659(P)Richard Cromwell resigns
&1659(A)Vermeer:"Young girl with flute"
%1659(S)Prussian State Library founded
 1660(P)Charles XI,King of Sweden
&History:texts/17thcentury/ChalesII.txt
$1660(P)Charles II returns to England
1660(P)Peace of Copenhagen
#1660(H)Boers settle in South Africa
1661(P)Coronation of Charles II
1661(H)Great famine in India
(1662(R)1st edition of "Richards Almanac"
'1664(H)Union of Connecticut and N.Haven
$1664(R)Trappist order founded,France
1664(A)French horn invented
1665(S)Newton invents calculus
1665(D)Great Plague of London
"History:texts/17thcentury/Fire.txt
1666(D)Great Fire of London
&1666(A)Stradivari makes his 1st violin
$1667(M)French army use hand-grenades
$1668(H)British get control of Bombay
"1668(A)Dryden:"Sir Martin Mar-All"
#1668(S)Newton- reflecting telescope
1669(H)South Carolina founded
$1669(S)Phosphorus discovered,Germany
&History:texts/17thcentury/Cossacks.txt
%1670(P)Rebellion of Ukranian Cossacks
"1670(S)1st minute hands on watches
"1671(M)Turks declare war on Poland
!1672(R)Milton:"Paradise regained"
1672(A)Fulham Pottery founded
'1673(M)Leopold I declares war on France
 1673(A)Christopher Wren knighted
1674(P)Jan III,King of Poland
"1675(M)War between France & Poland
#1675(A)Japanese Haiku poetry starts
"1675(A)Vivaldi(musician)born,Italy
%1676(H)Robert Walpole(statesman) born
 1678(P)Peace of Nijmegen,Holland
"1678(R)Bunyan:"Pilgrim's Progress"
(1679(S)L.Hannepin discovers Nigara Falls
!1680(P)Tsunayoshi,Shogun of Japan
"History:texts/17thcentury/Dodo.txt
1680(S)Dodo becomes extinct
%1681(H)Royal Charter for Pennsylvania
!1681(S)Academy of Sciences,Moscow
1682(H)French settle Louisiana
"1683(M)Turks begin Siege of Vienna
#1683(M)Spain declares war on France
1683(A)Izaaak Walton dies
%1683(S)Newton's Theory of Gravitation
#1684(H)Bermudas become Crown Colony
%History:texts/17thcentury/JamesII.txt
1685(P)James II,King of England
!1685(M)Monmouth Rebellion,England
"1685(H)Chinese open ports to trade
$1686(M)Russia declares war on Turkey
1686(H)French annex Madagascar
&1687(M)Battle of Mohacs,Turks defeated
1688(P)James II flees to France
%1688(P)William of Orange arrives Eng.
"1689(P)William & Mary rule England
%1689(M)Louis XIV declares war on Eng.
!1689(H)Natal becomes Dutch colony
1689(R)Pope Innocent XI dies
1690(M)Turks reconquer Belgrade
1690(A)Purcell:"The Prophetess"
!1691(P)Treaty of Limerick,Ireland
1692(M)Massacre of Glencoe
&1692(R)Christianity in China tolerated
"1694(H)Founding of Bank of England
&History:texts/17thcentury/Voltaire.txt
#1694(R)Voltaire(French philos.)born
 1695(P)Mustafa II,Turkish Sultan
 1696(M)Russia conquers Kamchatka
%1697(H)Peter the Great visits England
1697(M)Turks defeated at Zenta
 1697(M)China conquers W.Mongolia
1697(H)Mayan civilisation ended
&1698(S)Paper manufactured in N.America
 1699(P)Peace of Karlowitz,Poland
$1699(H)Damper explores N.W Australia
(1700(M)Great Northern war begins,Livonia
$1700(M)Sweden defeats Russians,Narva
%History:texts/17thcentury/Baroque.txt
'1700(A)Beginning of late Baroque period
#1700(H)French population 19 million
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
Page20
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Contents
Button2
Note1
1700 AD to 1800 AD
List1
"1701(P)King Frederick I of Prussia
 1701(M)War of Spanish Succession
#1701(A)Defoe:"True Born Englishman"
"History:texts/18thcentury/Anne.txt
"1702(P)Queen Anne,Queen of England
'1702(M)Duke of Marlborough,Capt-General
1702(H)French setlle in Alabama
&1703(M)Swedes beat Russians at Rultusk
1703(A)Samual Pepys dies
 1703(R)John Wesly(Methodist)born
1704(H)English take Gibraltar
'1705(S)Royal Observatory,Berlin founded
'1706(M)Marlborough conquers Netherlands
"1706(H)Dick Turpin(highwayman)born
&1707(P)Union of England & Scotland(GB)
!1707(D)Billiards played in Berlin
1708(M)Battle of Oudenarde
!1708(A)P.Batoni(artist)born,Italy
1708(A)Handel in Rome & Naples
(History:texts/18thcentury/Malplaquet.txt
1709(M)Battle of Malplaquet
1709(A)Sam Johnson(Author) born
1709(A)Piano invented
1710(H)Mauritius becomes French
1711(M)Russia and Turkey at war
 1711(A)Pope:"Essay on Criticism"
%History:texts/18thcentury/Utrecht.txt
#1712(P)Peace Congress opens,Utrecht
$1712(D)Last execution for witchcraft
"1713(P)Frederick William I,Prussia
1713(P)Treaty of Utrecht signed
%History:texts/18thcentury/GeorgeI.txt
1714(P)George I,King of England
'1714(S)Fahrenheit invents mercury ther.
1715(P)Loius XV,King of France
"1715(H)Jacobite Rebellion.Scotland
$History:texts/18thcentury/Rococo.txt
$1715(A)Beginnings of Rococo art form
(1716(M)Charles VI declares war on Turkey
!1717(A)Thomas Gray(Eng.poet) born
$1717(S)Innoculation agianst smallpox
$1718(P)England declares war on Spain
1718(A)Voltaire:"Edipe"
1719(M)France and Spain at war
1719(A)Defoe:"Robinson Crusoe"
#1719(R)Jesuits expelled from Russia
!1720(H)"South Sea Bubble" scandal
1720(H)Spain occupies Texas
$History:texts/18thcentury/PeterI.txt
1721(P)Peter I,Russian Czar
%1721(A)Montesquieu:"Lettres persanes"
!1722(H)Yung Chen dynasty in China
$1722(A)Tischbein,German painter born
 1723(H)Prussia establishes state
#1723(A)Joshua Reynolds(painter)born
"1724(D)Gin drinking popular in G.B
%1725(P)Peter the Great of Russia dies
!1727(M)Spanish siege of Gibraltar
1728(P)Treaty of Berlin
 1728(H)James Cook(explorer) born
1729(H)Founding of Baltimore
$1729(A)Fielding:"The Author's Farce"
(1729(S)Gray experiments with electricity
'History:texts/18thcentury/Methodism.txt
'1730(R)Methodist sect founded at Oxford
1731(P)Treaty of Vienna
1731(A)Daniel Defoe dies
1731(S)Darwin born, England
1731(D)10 Downing Street built
&1732(H)George Washington born,Feb 22nd
'1732(A)Covent Garden Opera House opened
&1733(M)War of Polish Succession begins
'1733(H)1st Freemasonic Lodge in Germany
1734(M)Turkey & Persia at war
$1734(R)Koran translated into English
1735(P)William Pitt becomes MP
$1735(A)Hogarth:"The Rake's Progress"
%1736(D)Indian Rubber comes to England
$History:texts/18thcentury/Medici.txt
 1737(H)Last of Medici,Italy dies
#1737(R)Edward Gibbon(historian)born
1738(M)Turks take Orsova
 1739(M)Sack of Delhi by Persians
'1739(A)Swift:"Verses on Death of Swift"
1739(H)Dick Turpin hanged
'History:texts/18thcentury/Frederick.txt
"1740(P)Frederick the Great,Prussia
&1740(A)Canaletto:"Return of Bucintoro"
(1740(S)University of Pennsyvania founded
%1741(P)Maria Theresa,Queen of Hungary
!1741(M)Frederick conquers Silesia
 1742(A)Fielding:"Joseph Andrews"
$1742(S)Celsius invents C thermometer
$1742(S)Edmund Halley(astronomer)dies
1743(M)Battle of Dettingen
!1743(R)Anti-Jewish pogroms,Russia
%1744(M)France declares war on England
"History:texts/18thcentury/Pope.txt
1744(A)Alexander Pope dies
#1744(D)First recorded cricket match
1745(P)Peace of Dresden
'1745(A)Johnson:"Life of Richard Savage"
1745(A)Jonathan Swift dies
#1745(S)Von Kliest invents capacitor
&History:texts/18thcentury/Culloden.txt
1746(M)Battle of Culloden Moor
#1747(A)Johnson:"English Dictionary"
"1747(A)J.S.Bach:"Das musik. Opfer"
#1748(R)Bower:"History of the Popes"
%1748(S)Fothergill describes diptheria
!1748(D)Platinum arrives in Europe
&1749(H)1st settlements of Ohio company
1749(A)Fielding:"Tom Jones"
#1749(H)Georgia becomes Crown Colony
$1750(P)Span-Port treaty on S.America
1750(A)J.S Bach dies
&1750(D)Pop.of Europe appox 140 million
1751(M)China invades Tibet
%1751(R)French "Encyclopedie"published
 1751(A)Boucher:"Toilet of Venus"
%1751(D)Jan 1st becomes New Year in GB
1752(P)Treaty of Aranjuez,Spain
&History:texts/18thcentury/Franklin.txt
'1752(S)Franklin invents lightning cond.
1753(S)British Museum founded
$1754(M)Anglo-French war in N.America
1754(A)Henry Fielding dies
#1754(R)Rousseau:"Inequality of man"
$1754(S)Black discovers carbonic acid
$1755(D)Lisbon earthquake,30,000 dead
1756(P)Anglo-Prussian Treaty
%1756(M)Britain declares war on France
'History:texts/18thcentury/BlackHole.txt
1756(H)"Black Hole of Calcutta"
1756(M)Start of 7 Years War
1757(M)Clive retakes Calcutta
"1757(A)William Blake (artist) born
#1758(M)E.Prussia occupied by Russia
1758(S)Bridgewater canal begun
&1759(M)British take Quebec from French
1759(A)Robbie Burns(poet) born
1759(A)Voltaire:"Candide"
%1759(R)Jesuits expelled from Portugal
1759(A)Handel dies
1760(H)Clive leaves India
'History:texts/18thcentury/GeorgeIII.txt
!1760(P)George III,King of England
!1761(S)Bridgewater canal finished
%1762(P)Catherine II,Czarina of Russia
$1762(R)Sorbonne Library,Paris opened
'1762(S)Malleable iron produced,Scotland
1763(M)End of 7 Years War
%1763(D)Earliest use of ponies in pits
'1764(R)Chrurch lands confiscated Russia
"1764(R)Jesuits supressed in France
#1764(S)James Watt invents condenser
%1765(P)Britain passes Stamp Act (U.S)
"1765(A)Walpole:"Castle of Otranto"
#1765(D)Potato most common Euro veg.
&1766(H)Mason-Dixon line drawn (N.Amer)
%1766(A)Goldsmith:"Vicar of Wakefield"
#1766(A)Haydn:"Great mass in E-Flat"
1766(D)Famine in Bengal
"1767(P)New York assembly suspended
1767(M)First Mysore War
1767(H)Chaos in India
1768(M)Gurkhas conquer Nepal
1768(A)Gray:"Poems"
"History:texts/18thcentury/Cook.txt
$1768(H)Cook sets out on world voyage
1769(H)Duke of Wellington born
1769(H)Napoleon born in Corsica
(1769(S)Cugnot invents 1st steam carriage
"1770(P)"Boston Massacre",N.America
1770(A)Beethoven born,Germany
$1770(S)Cook discovers Botany Bay,Oz.
(History:texts/18thcentury/Industrial.txt
%1770(D)Start of Industrial Revolution
1771(M)Russia conquers Crimea
 1771(A)Walter Scott(Author) born
"1771(S)Arkwright:1st spinning mill
!1772(P)Boston threatens secession
1772(P)1st Partition of Poland
#1772(A)Samuel Taylor Coleridge born
&History:texts/18thcentury/TeaParty.txt
1773(P)"Boston Tea Party"
1773(A)Goethe:"Faust"
1774(P)Louis XV,King of France
1774(H)Robert Clive dies
#1774(R)Burke:"On American Taxation"
!1775(M)American Revolution begins
"1775(A)Jane Austen born(dies 1817)
#1775(S)Girard invents water turbine
$1775(S)Priestly discovers Sulph.Acid
 1775(S)Watt invents steam engine
1776(M)British abandon Boston
$1776(R)Gibbon:"Fall of Roman Empire"
"1776(S)Cooks 3rd voyage to Pacific
%1777(M)British defeated at Princetown
(1777(A)Gainsborough:"The Watering Place"
1777(S)Bushnell invents torpedo
&1778(M)Washington beats Brits,Monmouth
%1778(M)British capitulate at Saratoga
!1778(M)War of Bavarian Succession
$History:texts/18thcentury/Mozart.txt
 1778(A)Mozart:"Les Petits Riens"
1778(S)Cook discovers Hawaii
%1779(M)British surrender in N.America
$1779(H)James Cook murdered on voyage
#1779(D)1st Children's Clinic,London
1780(P)Gordon Riots in London
"1780(H)Peru rebels against Spanish
$1780(S)Gervinus invents circular saw
&1780(D)1st Sunday newspapers in London
&1781(M)Final British capitul.N.America
1781(A)Rousseau:"Confessions"
%1781(R)Kant:"Critique of Pure Reason"
&History:texts/18thcentury/Herschel.txt
 1781(S)Herschel discovers Uranus
1782(H)Spain conquers Florida
&1782(H)Bangkok becomes Siamese capital
#1782(S)Montgolfier's invent balloon
'1783(P)GB recognises American Independ.
"1783(P)William Pitt forms Ministry
 1783(A)Blake:"Poetical Sketches"
1784(P)Treaty of Constantinople
%1784(M)British peace with Tipoo Sahib
 1784(S)Argand designs oil-burner
'1784(S)Meikle invents threshing machine
'1785(P)"Diamond Necklace Affair",France
%1785(S)Eng.Channel crossed in balloon
1786(H)Frederick the Great dies
"History:texts/18thcentury/Goya.txt
1786(A)Goya:"The Tapestries"
!1786(S)Klaproth discovers uranium
#1786(D)1st gas lighting,Eng/Germany
"1787(P)Federal US Govt.established
$1787(M)Turkey declares war on Russia
1787(A)Schiller:"Don Carlos"
1787(D)Steamboats in common use
%1788(P)Louis XVI calls States General
(1788(H)George III suffers mental illness
"1788(A)Lord Byron born (dies 1824)
1788(D)Bread riots in France
(History:texts/18thcentury/Washington.txt
&1789(P)George Washington 1st President
1789(H)French Revolution starts
%1789(S)Start of Galvani's experiments
1789(H)Bounty Mutiny occurs
&1789(S)1st steam driven cotton factory
#1790(P)Belgian revolution supressed
1790(H)Washington DC founded
"1791(P)Louis XVI arrested in Paris
 1791(A)Boswell:"Life of Johnson"
1791(R)Paine:"Rights of Man"
1791(A)Haydn:"Surpise Symphony"
'History:texts/18thcentury/Jaconbins.txt
%1792(P)Jacobins seize power in France
1792(M)Battle of Valmy
1792(A)Shelley born (dies 1822)
'1792(S)Chappe invents semaphore signals
1792(D)Libel Act passed in UK
1793(P)Louis XVI executed
#1793(H)Reign of Terror begins,Paris
&History:texts/18thcentury/Napoleon.txt
1793(M)Napoleon takes Toulon
1793(S)Mackenzie crosses Canada
1794(P)Danton executed,Paris
1794(P)Robespierre executed
1794(M)U.S Navy established
 1794(R)Paine:"The Age of Reason"
1795(H)Bread riots in Paris
"1795(M)Napoleon Commander in Italy
$1795(H)Ceylon becomes British colony
&1795(A)John Keats(poet)born(Dies 1821)
%1795(S)Bramah invents hydraulic press
!1796(H)Napoleon marries Josephine
$1796(M)Spain declares war on Britain
!1796(A)Wordsworth:"The Borderers"
"1796(D)Pop. of China - 275 million
%1797(M)Napoleon beats Ausrians,Rivoli
%1797(P)Peace between Austria & France
1797(P)John Adams,US President
1797(A)Coleridge:"Kubla Khan"
1797(D)1st pound notes issued
1798(M)French capture Rome
1798(M)Battle of Pyramids,Egypt
%History:texts/18thcentury/Aboukir.txt
#1798(M)Battle of Aboukir Bay,Nelson
1798(D)Income tax starts in UK
1799(P)Napoleon becomes Consul
%1799(M)Austria declares war on France
1799(H)George Washington dies
#1799(A)Balzac(French novelist) born
 1799(A)Beethoven:"Symphony No.1"
%History:texts/18thcentury/Rosetta.txt
 1799(S)Rosetta stone found,Egypt
"1800(P)Napoleon becomes 1st Consul
1800(M)Napoleon conquers Italy
$1800(R)Civil Code drawn up in France
#1800(S)Herschel discovers infra-red
1800(H)Ottowa founded
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
Page21
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Contents
Button2
Note1
1800 AD to 1900 BC
List1
"1801(P)Act of Union - UK & Ireland
!1801(P)Alexander I,Czar of Russia
'1801(M)Nelson wins Battle of Copenhagen
&1801(R)Cardinal Newman born(dies 1890)
#1801(S)Fulton invents 1st submarine
#1801(D)Union Jack -national flag UK
"History:texts/19thcentury/Hugo.txt
$1802(A)Victor Hugo(Poet)born(d.1885)
%1802(A)Classicist Empire style starts
%1802(S)Dalton discovers atomic theory
$1802(D)West India docks,London built
1803(H)Ohio becomes U.S state
"1804(A)Johann Strauss born(d.1849)
"1804(P)Napoleon proclaimed Emperor
 1804(P)Disraeli born (dies 1881)
1804(A)Schiller:"William Tell"
1805(P)Treaty of St.Petersburg
(History:texts/19thcentury/Austerlitz.txt
#1805(M)Battle of Austerlitz,Austria
1805(M)Battle of Trafalgar
1805(A)Turner:"Shipwreck"
#1805(M)Rockets used in British army
'1806(H)British occupy Cape of Good Hope
%1806(M)Prussia declares war on France
"1806(M)Battles of Jena & Auerstadt
 1806(M)French army enters Warsaw
1806(H)End of Holy Roman Empire
&History:texts/19thcentury/Browning.txt
$1806(A)Elizabeth Browning b.(d.1861)
1807(M)Battle of Eylau
1807(M)Battle of Friedland
1807(M)French invade Portugal
!1807(A)Longfellow born(dies 1882)
$1807(D)Britain prohibits slave trade
$1808(H)U.S stops slavery from Africa
%1808(P)Joseph Napeoleon,King of Spain
'1808(R)Dalton:"New System of Chem.Phil"
#1808(S)Source of Ganges River found
#1809(M)Battles of Wagram and Aspern
#1809(M)Battles of Oporto & Talavera
"1809(H)Napoleon divorces Josephine
"1809(P)Ecuador becomes independant
#History:texts/19thcentury/Gogol.txt
#1809(A)Gogol(Russ.poet)born(d.1852)
#1809(A)Edgar Allan Poe born(d.1849)
'History:texts/19thcentury/Constable.txt
1809(A)Constable:"Malvern Hill"
$1810(H)Napoleon marries Marie Louise
$1810(H)Venezuela becomes independant
!1810(S)Appert invents canned food
1810(D)Durham miners strike
!1811(P)George III declared insane
#1811(H)Paraguay becomes independant
(1811(A)Jane Austen:"Sense & Sensibility"
&History:texts/19thcentury/Luddites.txt
$1811(D)Luddites destroy machinery,UK
1812(M)Napoleon invades Russia
"1812(M)U.S declares war on Britain
#1812(A)Robert Browning born(d.1889)
%History:texts/19thcentury/Dickens.txt
#1812(A)Charles Dickens born(d.1870)
!1812(R)Baptist Union of UK formed
&1812(S)Burckhardt discovers Abu Simbel
#1813(M)Napoleon's victory at Lutzen
1813(M)Battle of Leipzig
!1813(H)Mexico becomes independant
$1813(A)Schubert's best period begins
#1814(S)Stephenson - 1st steam loco.
 1814(P)Napoleon banished to Elba
1814(P)Congress of Vienna opens
1815(M)Battle of New Orleans
!1815(H)Napoleon returns to France
"History:texts/19thcentury/Waterloo
#1815(M)June 15th-Battle of Waterloo
#1815(P)Napoleon exiled to St.Helena
!1815(D)Corn Law passed in Britain
#1815(H)Brazil declares independence
"1815(A)Anthony Trollope b.(d.1882)
&1815(S)Davy invents miners safety lamp
&1816(H)Argentina declares independence
 1816(H)Indiana becomes U.S state
"1816(A)Charlotte Bronte b.(d.1855)
"1816(S)Laennec invents stethoscope
$1817(H)Mississippi becomes U.S state
#1817(D)Low wage riots in Derbyshire
#1818(H)Rajput states become British
#1818(H)Chile proclaims independence
"1818(A)Mary Shelley:"Frankenstein"
1818(R)Bonn University founded
%1818(S)1st steamship crosses Atlantic
 1819(H)Florida bought from Spain
&History:texts/19thcentury/Peterloo.txt
%1819(P)"Peterloo Massacre",Manchester
#1819(A)George Eliot born(dies 1880)
%1819(S)Oersted discovers electro-mag.
!1819(D)Freedom of Press in France
1820(H)Revolution in Spain
&History:texts/19thcentury/GeorgeIV.txt
 1820(P)George IV,King of England
1820(P)Cato Street Conspiracy
1820(A)Scott:"Ivanhoe"
!1820(R)Jesuits driven out of Rome
1821(H)Napoleon dies
%1821(H)Panama & Guatemala independent
#1821(A)Baudelaire(poet)born(d.1867)
1821(S)Hieroglphics deciphered
"1821(S)Seebeck - thermoelectricity
"1821(D)London Co-op Society starts
1822(M)Turks invade Greece
"1822(D)Sunday Times founded,London
1823(R)Leo XII becomes Pope
%History:texts/19thcentury/Babbage.txt
&1823(S)Babbage tries to build computer
!1824(M)British take Rangoon,Burma
1824(H)Byron dies in Greece
&1824(A)National Gallery,London founded
1824(S)Aspdin develops cement
"1824(D)R.S.P.C.A founded in London
#1825(H)Bolivia attains independence
"1825(P)Decembrist revolt in Russia
1825(A)Pushkin:"Boris Godunov"
!1825(D)Stockton-Darlingon railway
"1825(D)Horse drawn buses in London
!1825(D)Trade Union Movement in UK
$1826(M)Russia declares war on Persia
$1826(A)Cooper:"Last of the Mohicans"
1826(A)Weber:"Oberon",opera
1827(M)Turks enter Athens
1827(A)Beethoven dies
#1827(S)Niepce produces metal photos
$1828(P)Duke of Wellington becomes PM
$1828(M)Russia declares war on Turkey
"1828(H)Uruguay becomes independent
"1828(A)Henry Ibsen born(dies 1906)
#History:texts/19thcentury/Verne.txt
"1828(A)Jules Verne born(dies 1905)
1828(D)1st railroad in U.S.A
#1829(P)Andrew Jackson,U.S President
#1829(R)Catholic Emancipation Act,UK
1829(A)Chopin's debut in Vienna
%1829(S)Ressel invents screw-propeller
"1829(S)1st typewriter patented,USA
1830(M)France captures Algeria
'History:texts/19thcentury/WilliamIV.txt
!1830(P)William IV,King of England
"1830(P)Charles X,France, abdicates
$1830(R)William Cobbett:"Rural Rides"
$1830(S)Liverpool -Manchester railway
1830(D)Steam cars in London
&1831(P)Revolt against Russia in Poland
%1831(H)Belgium seperates from Holland
#1831(M)Syria conquered by Egyptians
!1831(S)Guthrie invents chloroform
%History:texts/19thcentury/Faraday.txt
%1831(S)Faraday experiments with elec.
1831(D)World Cholera Pandemic
"1831(D)Immigration to US increases
1832(P)First Reform Act,U.K
1832(P)Gladstone becomes MP
1832(H)British occupy Falklands
"1832(A)Louise May Alcott b(d.1888)
"1832(A)Lewis Carroll b (dies 1898)
 1832(S)First Frech railway opens
%1832(S)Reichenback discovers creosote
%1833(P)Santa Anna becomes Pres.Mexico
 1833(A)Dickens:"Sketches by Boz"
'1833(D)Abolition of Slavery in Brit.Emp
'1834(H)Spanish Inquisition finally ends
%1834(H)Colony established S.Australia
"1834(M)6th Kaffir War,South Africa
&History:texts/19thcentury/Carlists.txt
"1834(M)Carlist wars begin in Spain
&1834(P)Abraham Lincoln enters politics
%1834(A)Hugo:"Hunchback of Notre Dame"
#1834(A)William Morris b.(dies 1896)
$1834(S)Faraday:"Law of Electrolysis"
 1835(P)Texas secedes from Mexico
&1835(A)Hans Christian Anderson stories
$1835(A)Samuel Butler born(dies 1902)
$History:texts/19thcentury/Alamao.txt
 1836(M)Battle of the Alamo.Texas
'1836(P)Chartists demand vote in Britain
'1836(R)Schopenhauer:"Uber den Wilen..."
!1836(H)Adelaide,Australia founded
&History:texts/19thcentury/Victoria.txt
 1837(P)Victoria,Queen of England
 1837(H)Michigan becomes US state
"1837(P)Carnot,Fr.Pres.assassinated
#1837(A)Hawthorne:"Twice told tales"
"1837(S)Electric telegraph invented
%1838(M)Battle of Blood River,S.Africa
1838(M)1st British-Afghan war
1838(A)Dickens:"Oliver Twist"
"1838(A)Berlioz:"Benvenuto Cellini"
&1838(D)"Sirius" sails Atlantic,15 days
$1839(M)Uruguay at war with Argentina
#History:texts/19thcentury/Natal.txt
!1839(H)Boers found Natal Republic
#1839(A)Poe:"Fall of House of Usher"
#1839(A)Paul Cezanne born(dies 1906)
!1839(S)Ross sets out for Antartic
"1839(S)Goodyear vulcanisies rubber
$1839(S)1st bycycle made by Macmillan
1840(P)Victoria marries Albert
1840(M)End of Afghan war
'1840(H)Napoleon's ashes return to Paris
%1840(A)Emile Zola(novelist)b.(d.1902)
 1840(S)Henry Maxim b.(dies 1916)
'History:texts/19thcentury/Pennypost.txt
#1840(D)Penny postage & stamps in UK
%1841(H)Britain makes Kong Kong colony
'1841(H)New Zealand becomes colony of UK
&1841(A)Marryat:"Masterman Ready",novel
#1841(A)Dvorak(composer)born(d.1904)
1841(S)Braid discovers hypnosis
 1842(H)Orange Free State set up 
1842(A)Gogol:"Dead Souls",novel
1842(D)Polka comes into fashion
'1843(P)Jefferson Davies enters politics
$1843(A)Wordsworth made poet laureate
1843(R)John Stuart Mill:"Logic"
&1843(D)Beginning of ski-ing as a sport
$1844(P)Oscar I,King of Sweden/Norway
'History:texts/19thcentury/Bernhardt.txt
$1844(A)Sarah Bernhardt b.(dies 1923)
%1844(S)Keller invents wood-pulp paper
"History:texts/19thcentury/Marx.txt
!1844(P)Marx meets Engels in Paris
 1845(H)Texas & Florida,US states
1845(M)Anglo-Sikh war begins
$1845(A)Poe:"The Raven & other poems"
&1845(R)Engels:"Condition of workers.."
1845(A)Wagner:"Tannhauser"
$1845(S)1st cable laid across Channel
1846(H)U.S annexes New Mexico
#1846(A)Dostoevsky:"Poor Folk",novel
&1846(R)Brigham Young & Mormons in Utah
%1846(S)Sobrero invents nitroglycerine
1846(D)Famine in Ireland
"1847(M)U.S forces take Mexico City
$1847(H)Liberia, independent Republic
#History:texts/19thcentury/Emily.txt
'1847(A)Emily Bronte:"Wuthering Heights"
1848(M)End of US-Mexican war
1848(P)Revolt in Paris
%1848(P)Revolutions in Vienna & Venice
1848(P)Revolt in Rome
"1848(R)Communist manifesto by Marx
#1848(S)Bottger:First safety matches
1848(D)Gold Rush in California
!1849(P)Rome proclaimed a Republic
&1849(R)Pope Pius IX restored by French
%1849(A)Charles Kingsley:"Alton Locke"
%1849(S)Fizeau measures speed of light
&1850(H)California becomes state of U.S
!1850(M)Taiping rebellion in China
1850(A)Ibsen:"Scarlet Letters"
&1850(A)Robert L.Stevenson b(dies 1894)
 1850(D)Kings Cross Station built
#1850(D)Pop. of Germany 20.8 million
!1851(H)Cuba declares independence
#1851(M)Start of Basuto war,S.Africa
1851(A)Melville:"Moby Dick"
(History:texts/19thcentury/Transvaal.text
#1852(H)Republic of Transvaal formed
&1852(A)Thakeray:"Hist.of Henrt Esmond"
'1853(R)Herzog:"Enc.of Protestant Theol"
1853(M)Crimean War begins
#1853(H)Cecil Rhodes born(dies 1902)
!1853(S)Samuel Colt, 1st revolvers
(History:texts/19thcentury/Crimeanwar.txt
!1854(M)Seige of Sebastopol,Crimea
'1854(A)Tennyson:"Charge of the Lt.Brig"
1854(A)Millet:"The Reaper"
1854(A)Liszt:"Les Preludes"
'1854(S)Goebel invents electric lt. bulb
#1854(P)Republican Party founded,USA
"1855(P)Alexander II,Czar of Russia
1855(A)Dumas:"le Demi-Monde"
$1855(S)Koller invents tungsten steel
"1855(D)Florence Nightingale,Crimea
!1856(H)Natal becomes Crown Colony
"1856(A)Oscar Wilde born(dies 1900)
#1856(S)Cocaine extracted from cocoa
#History:texts/19thcentury/Freud.txt
$1856(S)Sigmund Freud born(dies 1939)
#1856(D)"Big Ben" is cast(13.5 tons)
1857(M)End of Anglo-persian war
1857(M)Indian Mutiny begins
&1857(P)Garibaldi starts to unify Italy
&1857(A)Hughes:"Tom Brown's schooldays"
#1857(D)Emacipation of Russian serfs
 1858(H)Peace proclaimed in India
"1858(H)Minnesota becomes U.S state
%1858(R)Bernadette sees vision,Lourdes
%1858(S)Burton discovers Lk Tanganyika
 1858(D)Suez Canal Company Formed
1859(H)Oregon becomes U.S state
1859(P)Palmerston,British P.M
"1859(A)Conan Doyle born(dies 1930)
$History:texts/19thcentury/Darwin.txt
%1859(R)Darwin:"Origin of the Species"
#1859(S)Plante - 1st storage battery
1859(S)Steamroller invented
 1859(D)Work on Suez Canal begins
'1860(P)Emmanuel II,King of United Italy
$1860(P)Lincoln becomes 16th US Pres.
$1860(A)Anton Chekhov born(dies 1904)
#1860(R)English Church Union founded
$1860(S)Lenoir - internal comb.engine
$1860(D)914,000 Irish emigrate to USA
 1861(P)William I,King of Prussia
+History:texts/19thcentury/AmericanCivil.txt
"1861(M)Start of American Civil War
%1861(H)Albert,Victoria's husband dies
"1861(A)George Eliot:"Silas Marner"
 1861(S)Mort invents refrigerator
$1861(D)Daily weather forecasts in UK
1862(M)2nd Battle of Bull Run
&1862(P)Bismark,Prussian Prime Minister
'1862(A)Manet:"Lola de Valence",painting
1862(A)Debussy born(dies 1918)
"1862(S)Gatling invents Gatling Gun
&1862(D)International Exhibition,London
(History:texts/19thcentury/Gettysburg.txt
!1863(M)Battle of Gettysburg,U.S.A
!1863(M)French capture Mexico City
%1863(A)Gabriele D'Annunzio b.(d.1938)
$1863(D)Football Assoc.founded,London
'1864(M)Austria & Prussia invade Denmark
(1864(M)Sherman's "March through Georgia"
&1864(P)1st International founded(Marx)
"1864(A)Tolstoi:"War & Peace",Novel
%1864(A)Toulouse-Lautrec b.(dies 1901)
%1864(S)Pasteur invents pasteurization
!1864(D)Geneva Convention convened
1865(M)Confederacy surrenders
"1865(P)Abrham Lincoln assassinated
1865(H)Slavery abolished in USA
%History:texts/19thcentury/Kipling.txt
1865(A)Kipling born(dies 1936)
1865(A)Yeats born(dies 1939)
$1865(R)Plucker invents line geometry
1865(S)Atlantic cable laid
$1865(S)J.Lister - antiseptic surgery
"History:texts/19thcentury/Klan.txt
"1865(D)Ku Klux Klan founded, Tenn.
$1866(M)Prussian/Italian war -Austria
&1866(P)Congress of Vienna brings peace
"1866(P)Crete revolts against Turks
 1866(A)H.G.Wells born(dies 1946)
1866(A)Monet:"Camille",painting
1866(S)Nobel invents dynamite
&1866(D)"Black Friday"on Stock Exchange
$1867(P)Fenian outrages in Manchester
1867(H)French leave Mexico
#1867(H)Russia sells Alaska to U.S.A
$1867(A)Mark Twain:"The Jumping Frog"
"1867(R)Marx:"Das Kapital",treatise
)History:texts/19thcentury/Livingstone.txt
!1867(S)Livingstone explores Congo
#1868(H)Shogunate abolished in Japan
1868(P)Disraeli is British P.M
"1868(P)Grant elected U.S President
"1868(A)Maxim Gorky born(dies 1936)
$1868(A)Renoir:"The Skaters",painting
"1868(A)Tchaikovsky:"Symphony No.1"
"1868(D)1st TUC Congress,Manchester
1869(H)Opening of Suez Canal
$1869(A)Blackmore:"Lorna Doone:,Novel
"1869(R)First Vatican Council meets
1869(S)Hyatt invents celluloid
$1869(D)Debtor's Prisons abolished,UK
%1870(H)Baden joins N.German Confeder.
!1870(M)Franco-Prussian war begins
'1870(P)3rd Republic proclaimed in Paris
$History:texts/19thcentury/Lenin.text
1870(H)Lenin born (dies 1924)
'1870(A)Verne:"20,000 Leagues Under Sea"
&1870(D)Rockefeller founds Standard Oil
#1871(P)William I,Emperor of Germany
-History:texts/19thcentury/Franco_Prussian.txt
!1871(M)End of Franco-Prussian War
&1871(D)Britian legalizes Labour Unions
!1871(A)Henry Mann born(dies 1950)
!1871(R)Jehovah's Winesses founded
1871(A)Verdi:"Aida",Cairo
1871(D)Pop. of Japan 33 million
1872(M)Civil war in Spain
#1873(P)Republic proclaimed in Spain
1873(D)Famine in Bengal
1873(S)1st colour photographs
$1873(D)Remington produce typewriters
1873(D)Vienna World Exhibition
1874(M)End of Ashanti war
#1874(H)Britain annexes Fiji Islands
#History:texts/19thcentury/Hardy.txt
)1874(A)Hardy:"Far from the Madding Crowd"
$1874(A)Impressionist movement starts
 1874(A)Brahms:"Hungarian Dances"
&1874(S)Solomon invents pressure cooker
!1875(P)Kwang Hsu,Emperor of China
1875(P)Rebellion in Cuba
"1875(A)John Buchan born(dies 1940)
1875(S)Lecoq discovers gallium
%1875(S)Albert Schweitzer b(dies 1965)
%1875(D)Cpt.Webb swims English Channel
 1876(H)Korea becomes independent
$1876(M)Serbia declares war on Turkey
!1876(H)Colorado becomes U.S state
"1876(A)Jack London born(dies 1916)
1876(R)Pope Pius XII elected
$1876(A)1st Bayreuth Festival,Germany
"History:texts/19thcentury/Bell.txt
!1876(S)A.G.Bell invents telephone
&1877(H)Queen Victoria,Empress of India
$1877(M)Russia declares war on Turkey
&History:texts/19thcentury/Gobineau.txt
#1877(A)Gobineau:"Historical Scenes"
#1877(A)Rodin:"The Age of Sculpture"
 1877(S)Edison invents phonograph
1878(P)Humbert I,King of Italy
 1878(M)Treaty of Berlin ends war
%1878(A)John Masefield(poet)b.(d.1967)
$1878(D)Cleopatra's Needle arrives UK
&1878(S)David Hughes invents microphone
 1878(D)CID established in London
%History:texts/19thcentury/Zuluwar.txt
1879(M)British-Zulu War
,History:texts/19thcentury/Stalin_Trotsky.txt
1879(H)Stalin and Trotsky born
&1879(A)Strindberg:"The Red Room",novel
&1879(D)Collapse of Tay Bridge,Scotland
1879(S)Einstein born(dies 1955)
$1880(P)Gladstone becomes British P.M
'1880(H)Boers declare Transvaal Republic
1880(A)Lew Wallace:"Ben Hur"
&1880(D)Electric street lighting,N.York
%1881(P)Pres.Garfield assassinated,USA
%1881(M)Battle of Majuba Hill,S.Africa
"1881(A)P.G Woodhouse b.(dies 1975)
 1881(R)Jews persecuted in Russia
#1881(S)Alexander Fleming b (d.1955)
#1881(D)Pop. of London - 3.3 million
1882(H)British occupy Cairo
!1882(H)US bans Chinese immigrants
"1882(A)James Joyce born(dies 1941)
'History:texts/19thcentury/Nietzsche.txt
 1882(R)Nietzsche begins writings
%1882(A)Berlin Phlarmonic Orch.founded
 1882(S)Maxim patents machine-gun
!1882(D)World Exhibition in Moscow
1883(H)French control Tunis
#1883(A)Franz Kafka born (dies 1924)
$1883(R)Nietzsche:"Thus Spake Zara.."
%1883(S)Swann produces synthetic fibre
%1883(D)1st skyscrapers in USA,Chicago
&1884(H)General Gordon reaches Khartoum
#1884(H)Germans occupy S.West Africa
$1884(A)Mark Twain:"Huckleberry Finn"
&1884(R)Divorce reestablished in France
#1884(D)First Tube Station in London
$History:texts/19thcentury/Gordon.txt
$1885(M)Death of General Gordon,Sudan
#1885(H)Congo becomes Belgian colony
!1885(A)Ezra Pound born(dies 1972)
"1885(R)Mormon church splits in two
#1885(A)Gilbert & Sull.:"The Mikado"
!1885(S)Galton proves fingerprints
'1885(D)1st electrical tram in Blackpool
#1886(H)1st Indian National Congress
"1886(A)Rimbaud:"Les Illuminations"
"1886(D)Statue of Liberty dedicated
 1886(S)Moissan produces fluorine
!1886(D)English Lawn Tennis Assoc.
&1887(H)Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee
'1887(A)Conan Doyle:"A Study in Scarlet"
1887(R)Thomas More made a Saint
%1887(S)Goodwin invents celluloid film
!1887(D)Zamenhof devises Esperanto
$History:texts/19thcentury/Kaiser.txt
#1888(P)William II,Kaiser of Germany
!1888(A)T.S.Eliot born (dies 1965)
"1888(A)Van Gogh:"The Yellow Chair"
&1888(S)Tesla constructs electric motor
"1888(S)Eastman perfects box camera
(1888(D)Jack the Ripper murders in London
&1889(H)Archduke Rudolf commits suicide
)History:texts/19thcentury/Hitlerborn.text
#1889(H)Adolf Hitler born(dies 1945)
$1889(H)N.& S.Dakota become US states
1889(R)T.H.Huxley:"Agnosticism"
1889(S)F.Abel invents cordite
#1889(D)London County Council formed
 1890(H)Britain occupies Zanzibar
%1890(H)Luxembourg becomes independent
%1890(A)1st moving picture show,N.York
 1890(D)Global influenza epidemic
1891(H)William II visits London
%History:texts/19thcentury/Gauguin.txt
 1891(A)Gauguin settles in Tahiti
%1891(S)Beginnings of wireless telegr.
"1891(D)Widespread famine in Russia
"1892(H)Prince Ito,Premier of Japan
 1892(P)Keir Hardie,1st Labour MP
!1892(P)Pan-Slav Conference,Cracow
$1893(P)Labour Party founded,Bradford
1893(H)U.S annexes Hawaii
1893(A)Sibelius:"Karelia Suite"
"History:texts/19thcentury/Benz.txt
'1893(S)Karl Benz constructs 4 wheel car
 1893(S)Ford builds his first car
!1894(H)Nicholas II,Czar of Russia
!1894(M)Japan & Korea invade China
$1894(S)Lumiere invents cinematograph
$1895(H)Armenians massacred in Turkey
#1895(A)H.G.Wells:"The Time Machine"
$1895(A)Art Noveau style predominates
1895(S)Rontgen discovers X-rays
1896(H)Utah becomes US state
(1896(M)Kitchener restarts Sudan campaign
1896(R)Nobel Prize established
(1896(S)Becquerel discovers radioactivity
)History:texts/19thcentury/NewOlympics.txt
 1896(D)Olymics restart in Athens
 1897(M)Turkey defeated by Greece
!1897(H)Russia occupys Port Arthur
#1897(R)Webbs:"Industrial Democracy"
$1897(D)Queen Victoria's Diamond Jub.
1898(H)Dreyfuss case in France
#1898(A)Bertolt Brecht b.(dies 1956)
1898(S)Curies discover radium
1899(M)Boer War starts
#1899(A)Noel Coward born (dies 1973)
1899(A)Kipling:"Stalky & Co"
 1899(A)Elgar:"Enigma Variations"
#1900(M)Relief of Ladysmith,S.Africa
$History:texts/19thcentury/Boxers.txt
1900(M)Boxer Uprising in China
1900(R)Betrand Russell writings
1900(S)Planck - quantum theory
1900(S)1st flights of airships
 1900(D)World Exhibition in Paris
!1900(D)Grace retires from cricket
Note2
R -Religion
   Philsophy
M -Military
S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
D -Social
A -Arts 
Page22
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Contents
Button2
Note1
1900 AD to 1960 AD
List1
1901(P)Barton,1st Australian PM
History:texts/EdwardVII.txt
!1901(P)Edward VII,King of England
%1901(P)Pres.McKinley assassinated,USA
 1901(A)Ragtime jazz develops,USA
1901(S)First motorbikes seen
%1901(D)1st British submarine launched
1902(M)End of Boer War,S.Africa
&1902(A)Belloc:"The Path to Rome",novel
1902(A)Film:"Salome"
1902(D)Aswan Dam opened,Egypt
1903(H)British annexe N.Nigeria
$1903(A)London:"The Call of the Wild"
$1903(R)Anti-Jewish pogroms in Russia
History:texts/Wright.txt
#1903(S)Wright Brothers - 1st flight
$1904(M)Russo-Japanese war breaks out
&1904(P)Theodore Roosevelt,US President
$1904(A)Graham Greene born(dies 1991)
#1904(R)Freud:"The Pschopatholgy..."
!1904(A)Puccini:"Madame Butterfly"
1904(S)Panama Canal started
1904(D)10 hour working day,USA
History:texts/BloodySunday.txt
 1905(H)"Bloody Sunday" in Russia
%1905(P)Sinn Fein Party founded,Dublin
1905(R)Lenin:"Two Tactics"
History:texts/Einstein.txt
%1905(S)Einstein -Theory of Relativity
"1905(D)First motor buses in London
$1906(P)1st meeting of Duma in Russia
1906(H)U.S occupy Cuba
 1906(A)E.Wallace:"Four Just Men"
$1906(S)Amundsen discovers North Pole
#1906(D)Pop. of New York - 4 million
1907(H)Siam becomes independent
%1907(P)Sun Yat-Sen announces republic
&1907(H)Rasputin gains influence,Russia
"1907(A)W.H.Auden(poet)born(d.1973)
%1907(A)Start of Cubist movement,Paris
!1907(D)Boy Scout Movement founded
$1908(P)Young Turk movement in Turkey
$1908(H)Union of South Africa founded
$1908(A)Ian Fleming(author)b.(d.1964)
History:texts/ModelT.txt
#1908(D)Model T-Ford-15 million sold
1909(M)Civil war in Honduras
 1909(A)StephenSpender(poet) born
1909(A)Film:"Carmen"
#1909(S)Bleriot flies across Channel
History:texts/GeorgeV.txt
1910(P)George V,King of England
"1910(H)Start of Mexican revolution
 1910(A)Stravinsky:"The Firebird"
1910(S)Haley's Comet observed
 1910(D)122,000 telephones in U.K
1911(H)Agadir crisis
#1911(P)Stolypin,Russian PM,murdered
&1911(H)Churchill,1st Lord of Admiralty
$1911(H)Republic established in China
1911(A)Rupert Brooke:"Poems"
"1911(S)Amundsen reaches South Pole
1912(H)Coal and dock strikes,UK
'1912(H)Arizona & N.Mexico -states of US
%1912(R)Jung:"Theory of Pschoanalysis"
History:texts/Picasso.txt
1912(A)Picasso:"The Violin"
1912(D)London has 400 cinemas
(1912(S)Wilson detects protons & neutrons
%1912(D)Royal Flying Corps established
History:texts/Titanic.txt
1912(D)"SS.Titantic" sinks.
"1913(P)Suffragette demos in London
!1913(M)Balkan War starts and ends
1913(P)Ghandi arrested in India
 1913(A)Albert Camus born(d.1960)
(1913(S)Bohr - Theory of Atomic structure
!1913(D)Foxtrot comes into fashion
History:texts/WW1.txt
1914(M)Start of First World War
1914(M)Battle of Mons
1914(M)Battle of Tanneberg
1914(M)1st battle of Ypres
"1914(A)James Joyce:"The Dubliners"
1914(D)Panama Canal opened
1915(M)Second Battle of Ypres
History:texts/Gallipoli.txt
1915(M)Allies land at Gallipoli
1915(A)Buchan:"The 39 steps"
1915(A)Film:"Birth of a Nation"
'1915(S)Junkers - first fighter airplane
#1916(M)First Zeppelin raid on Paris
&1916(P)Sinn Fein Easter Rising,Ireland
History:texts/Jutland.txt
1916(M)Battle of Jutland
"1916(M)1st use of tanks by British
%1916(A)Dadaism movement starts,Zurich
History:texts/Bolskevik.txt
$1917(P)Bolshevik Revoltion in Russia
"1917(H)Mata Hari executed as a spy
1917(M)Battle of Passchendaele
&1917(M)German-Russian armistice signed
&1917(S)100 inch telescope,Mt.Wilson,US
!1918(M)Second Battle of the Marne
)1918(H)Czechoslovakia becomes independent
1918(M)R.A.F founded
%1918(H)Germany surrenders -end of war
#1918(P)Republic declared in Germany
!1918(H)Austria becomes a republic
#1918(D)Women over 30 get vote in UK
History:texts/Brooke.txt
&1918(A)Rupert Brooke:"Collected Poems"
%1918(R)Spengler:"Decline of the West"
"1919(P)Spartacist revolt in Berlin
1919(H)Prohibition in U.S.A
History:texts/Mussolini.txt
 1919(P)Mussolini founds Fascists
1919(M)Civil war in Russia
+1919(S)1st experiments with shortwave radio
1919(D)American Legion formed
 1919(H)Hungary becomes Communist
History:texts/League.txt
$1920(H)League of Nations established
!1920(M)End of civil war in Russia
1920(P)Treaty of Rapallo signed
 1920(A)Agatha Christie -1st book
$1920(A)Film:"Cabinet of Dr.Caligari"
(1920(S)Cushing-new tech.in brain surgery
"1920(D)200,000 dead in China quake
"1920(P)Hitler leader of Nazi Party
1920(A)Holst:"The Planet Suite"
$1921(P)First Indian parliament meets
!1921(H)London Imperial Conference
 1921(H)Mass inflation in Germany
$1921(A)Film:Charlie Chaplin"The Kid"
#1921(S)Calmette develops TB vaccine
1921(D)1st regular radio in USA
$1922(P)Mussolini forms fascist govt.
"1922(H)Egypt becomes Kingdom again
%1922(H)Arabs reject Palestine mandate
!1922(A)Kingsley Amis born(author)
History:texts/Nosferatu.txt
1922(A)Film:"Nosferatu"
&1922(S)Vogt develops film sound system
!1922(S)Evans & Bishop - Vitamin E
"1922(D)BBC begins first broadcasts
%1922(P)Turkey becomes modern republic
History:texts/Putsch.txt
$1923(P)Munich Putsch-Hitler arrested
'1923(P)Labour gain 129 seats in Gen.Elc
$1923(P)Mustapha Kemal,Pres.of Turkey
'1923(A)Woodhouse starts "Jeeves" novels
&1923(S)Andrade:"Structure of the Atom"
#1923(D)1st birth control clinic,USA
History:texts/Tut.text
&1923(S)Discovery of Tutankhamen's tomb
1924(H)Lenin dies,U.S.S.R
1924(H)Britain recognizes USSR
!1924(H)Greece proclaimed republic
1924(A)Noel Coward:"The Vortex"
!1924(A)Film:"The 10 Commandments"
1924(D)Paris Olympic Games held
&1925(P)Hindenburg,President of Germany
$1925(P)Hitler publishes "Mein Kampf"
"1925(H)Cyprus becomes Crown Colony
$1925(A)Fitzgerald:"The Great Gatsby"
1925(S)Synthetic oil produced
History:texts/Baird.txt
$1925(S)Baird transmits first TV pics
!1925(D)1,654,000 radio sets in UK
 1926(D)General Strike in Britain
1926(H)Lebanon becomes republic
#1926(P)Trotsky expelled from Moscow
%1926(A)Book of the Month Club founded
1926(A)Film:"Metropolis"
1926(A)Rudolph Valentino dies
%1926(S)Kodak produces 16mm movie film
#1926(D)Big social reforms in Turkey
'1927(H)German economic system collapses
History:texts/Woolf.txt
"1927(A)V.Woolf:"To the Lighthouse"
History:texts/JazzSinger.txt
1927(A)Film:"The Jazz Singer"
1927(A)Stravinsky:"Oedipus Rex"
$1927(S)Pavlov:"Conditioned Reflexes"
"1927(D)Babe Ruth hits 60 home runs
#1928(P)Woman over 21 get vote in UK
1928(P)Zog I,King of Albania
1928(P)1st 5 year plan in USSR
"1928(A)Film:First Micky Mouse film
1928(A)Munch:"Girl on a Sofa"
1928(S)Baird demos colour TV
!1928(D)Olympic Games in Amsterdam
1928(P)Trotsky leaves USSR
1929(H)Vatican City independent
%1929(P)Labour win UK general election
%1929(M)Arabs attack Jews in Palestine
$1929(A)John Osborne born (dies 1994)
 1929(R)Church of Scotland formed
!1929(A)Film:"Blackmail",Hitchcock
History:texts/UFT.txt
&1929(S)Einstein:"Unified Field Theory"
"1929(D)US Stock exchange collapses
$1930(P)Nazis get stronger in Germany
&1930(H)Constantinople becomes Istanbul
1930(A)W.H.Auden:"Poems"
1930(A)Film:"Blue Angel"
$1930(A)BBC Symphony Orchestra formed
#1930(S)Debye investigates molecules
1930(D)Photoflash bulb in use
History:texts/BUF.txt
 1931(P)Oswald Mosley forms B.U.F
"1931(H)Closure of all German banks
!1931(P)2nd National Government,UK
!1931(A)Film:"City Lights",Chaplin
%1931(S)E.O.Lawrence invents cyclotron
History:texts/Capone.txt
%1931(D)Al Capone jailed for tax fraud
"1932(P)De Valera President of Eire
'1932(P)Nazis gain 232 seats in election
1932(A)First Tarzan film
&1932(S)C.D.Anderson discovers positron
 1932(D)Olympic Games held in L.A
History:texts/NaziPower.txt
"1933(P)Nazis take power in Germany
1933(H)The Reichstag Fire
$1933(R)Trotsky:"History of Russ.Rev"
1933(A)Film:"King Kong"
1933(S)Reichstein - Vitamin C
1933(D)Mass famine in USSR
1934(H)General strike in France
%1934(H)Economic depression in Britain
1934(A)Film:"The Thin Man"
&1934(S)H.Urey discovers heavy hydrogen
History:texts/Dillinger.txt
 1934(D)FBI shoots John Dillinger
1935(P)Show trails in USSR
$1935(P)Germany repudiates Versailles
$1935(P)Chiang Kai-shek,Chinese Pres.
(1935(A)Salividore Dali:"Giraffe on fire"
&1935(S)R.W.Watt builds radar equipment
&1935(D)Rumba becomes fashionable dance
History:texts/EdwardVIII.txt
"1936(P)Edward VIII,King of England
1936(D)Olympic Games in Berlin
%1936(P)Berlin-Rome proclaim Axis Pact
'1936(S)Carrel develops artificial heart
1936(D)Lindbergh baby kidnapped
History:texts/GeorgeVI.txt
 1937(P)George VI,King of England
1937(M)Japanese seize Peking
%1937(P)Italy leaves League of Nations
$1937(A)Film:"Snow White & 7 Dwarves"
1937(S)Vitamins A & K developed
1938(P)Munich Conference
!1938(H)Germans occupy Sudetenland
&1938(A)Welles broadcasts War of Worlds
!1938(S)Biro invents ballpoint pen
!1938(D)20,000 TV sets in New York
History:texts/WW2.txt
1939(M)Outbreak of World War 2
%1939(M)Germany & Russia attack Poland
 1939(A)Film:"Gone with the Wind"
(1939(S)Armstrong invents freq.modulation
#1939(D)Sutton Hoo burial discovered
History:texts/Churchill.txt
1940(P)Churchill,British PM
&1940(M)Germany invades Holland,Belgium
1940(M)Germany invades France
#1940(M)British forces leave Dunkirk
1940(M)Battle of Britain
#1940(M)Wavell offensive in N.Africa
%1940(P)Trotsky assassinated in Mexico
1940(A)Film:"Fantasia"
!1940(S)Florey develops penicillin
 1941(M)U-Boats attacks intensify
History:texts/Hess.txt
1941(P)Hess lands in Britain
1941(M)Germans invade Russia
"1941(M)Japanese bomb Pearl Harbour
$1941(M)Hong Kong surrenders to Japan
1941(P)USA enters war
History:texts/Kane.txt
1941(A)Film:"Citizen Kane"
!1941(S)"Manhattan Project"started
!1941(D)"Mosquito" aircraft in use
!1942(M)Japanese capture Singapore
1942(M)British bomb Cologne
1942(M)Battle of Midway
#1942(M)Rommel takes Tobruk,N.Africa
1942(M)Battle of El Alemein
History:texts/Stalingrad.txt
1942(M)Battle of Stalingrad
%1942(A)Lloyd Douglas:"The Robe",novel
 1942(S)Germans work on V2 rocket
!1942(D)Malta awarded George Cross
%1943(M)Germans withdraw from Caucusus
'1943(M)German 6th army lost at Staling.
1943(M)RAF raid Berlin
#1943(M)Germans surrender in Tunisia
#1943(P)Mussolini dismissed in Italy
1943(M)Allies invade Italy
1943(M)Russians retake Smolensk
History:texts/Tehran.txt
1943(P)Tehran Conference
1943(A)Moore:"Madonna & Child"
$1943(S)Walker discovers streptomycin
$1943(D)Race riots in major US cities
1944(M)Battle for Cassino,Italy
1944(M)Leningrad relieved
1944(M)Rome falls to Allies
History:texts/D-Day.txt
!1944(M)D-Day landings in Normandy
History:texts/V1.txt
!1944(M)V1 & V2 rockets hit London
'1944(M)Russians destroy Army Grp Centre
1944(M)Warsaw uprising
1944(M)Paris liberated
1944(M)Battle of Leyte Gulf
History:texts/Bulge.txt
1944(M)Battle of the Bulge
&1944(A)Film:"Henry V" starring Olivier
#1944(D)1st nonstop flight to Canada
!1945(M)British offensive in Burma
1945(M)Russians take Warsaw
1945(M)Allies cross Rhine
1945(P)Yalta Conference
1945(M)Battle for Berlin
History:texts/Hitlersuicide.txt
1945(M)Hitler commits suicide
1945(M)Germany surrenders
History:texts/UN.txt
!1945(H)United Nations established
1945(M)Atomic bombs hit Japan
1945(M)Japan surrenders
1945(A)Film:"Brief Encounter"
1945(D)Bebop comes into fashion
1946(M)Civil War in China
%1946(P)Churchill"Iron Curtain" speech
1946(H)Nuremberg Trials held
)1946(A)Dyland Thomas:"Deaths & Entrances"
#1946(S)Isotope Carbon-13 discovered
1946(D)Pop.of USSR 194 million
1947(H)Marshall Plan for Europe
 1947(H)India becomes independent
 1947(A)Albert Camus:"The Plague"
1947(S)US supersonic airplane
%1947(D)Odom flies around world,73 hrs
 1948(P)Ghandi assassinated,India
1948(H)State of Israel founded
History:texts/Sartre
#1948(A)Sartre:"Le mains sales",play
#1948(S)Long playing record invented
$1948(D)British railways nationalised
#1949(P)Truman elected U.S President
"1949(P)Republic of Eire proclaimed
1949(A)Film:"The Third Man"
History:texts/USSRbomb.txt
"1949(S)USSR test it's first A-bomb
(1949(D)British Gas industry nationalised
'1950(H)Communists gain control of China
$1950(P)McCarthy anti-Communist scare
History:texts/Korean.txt
1950(M)Korean war breaks out
 1950(A)Thor Heyerdahl:"Kon-Tiki"
!1950(S)Antihistamines widely used
#1950(D)World pop.approx 2.3 billion
1951(M)Korean war continues
1951(P)Churchill,British PM
#1951(P)Peron,President of Argentina
1951(A)Film:"The African Queen"
"1951(S)Blair flies over North Pole
1951(D)Colour TV in use in USA
History:texts/Liz2.txt
$1952(P)Elizabeth II,Queen of England
"1952(H)Britain produces own A-Bomb
!1952(H)Mau-Mau emergency in Kenya
!1952(A)Becket:"Waiting for Godot"
1952(S)First H-Bomb exploded
 1952(D)Olympics held in Helsinki
#1953(P)Tito President of Yugoslavia
1953(H)Stalin dies,USSR
1953(M)End of Korean War
History:texts/Dylan.txt
#1953(A)Dylan Thomas dies in America
1953(S)USSR explodes H-Bomb
#1954(P)Nasser seizes power in Egypt
1954(H)Communists take Vietnam
1954(A)Film:"On the Waterfront"
$1954(S)Known chemical elements - 100
#1954(D)I.T.A established in Britain
1955(P)Bulganin,USSR supremo
1955(H)Germany joins NATO
1955(A)Jean Genet:"The Balcony"
!1955(S)Atomic power used in U.S.A
!1955(D)82 die at Le Mans car race
 1956(H)Sudan becomes independent
History:texts/Kruschev.txt
%1956(P)Kruschev denounces Stalin,USSR
"1956(M)Uprising crushed in Hungary
#1956(A)Osborne:"Look Back in Anger"
&1956(S)Neutrino produced at Los Alamos
#1956(D)Rock & Roll dance widespread
"1957(P)Harold Macmillan,British PM
1957(H)Treaty of Rome signed
"1957(A)Film:"Bridge on River Kwai"
History:texts/SputnikI.txt
1957(S)USSR launches Sputnik 1
$1957(D)71 cities have over 1 million
1958(H)Common Market formed
"1958(M)Castro guerilla war in Cuba
#1958(H)Alaska becomes 49th US state
#1958(A)Pasternak:"Dr.Zhivago",novel
1958(S)NASA formed in USA
%1958(S)US launch satellite,Explorer I
1958(D)Beatnik movement starts
#1959(P)Castro becomes Pres. of Cuba
#1959(H)Hawaii becomes 50th US state
1959(A)Film:"Ben Hur"
1959(S)USSR Lunik reaches Moon
1959(D)M1 Motorway opens in UK
$1960(P)Brezhnev becomes USSR supremo
!1960(H)Cyprus becomes independent
History:texts/JFK.txt
!1960(P)J.F.K becomes US President
$1960(A)Harold Pinter:"The Caretaker"
1960(A)Film:"Psycho",Hitchcock
"1960(S)Microwave laser constructed
!1960(D)Olympic Games held in Rome
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S - Science
S- Technol.
H -History
P -Political
D -Daily Life
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A -Arts 
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History:texts/About_Asgard.txt
ABOUT
ASGARD
SOFTWARE
Page24
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Contents
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This program is shareware - if you
found it useful then do the decent thing
and send 
5.00 to Asgard Software so
that we can pass it on to the hard
working guy who did all the work.....
You know it makes sense......
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Use the Historybook as an interactive text aid to
learning World History. There are drop down menus at
the top of the screen which are self-explanatory.
You can also use the "back to Contents" box to
return to the main menu at any time and also the
next page box to go on to the next page.....
At the top of the screen you will also see some small
arrow boxes. These take you backwards and forwards
by page - there are also two arrows with a bar
against them which will take you to the first or last
pages respectively.
It's really easy....honest!
Asgard Software 1994
Page26
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